Table 4. Relationship between Parkinson’s disease stage and psychiatric symptoms in patients and caregivers.

Parkinson’s stage	Symptoms
	1.5	2	2.5	3	4	p-value
Somatization
Patients	0.9 ± 0.7a	1.2 ± 0.5ab	1.7 ± 0.8b	1.6 ± 0.5b	2.0 ± 0.6b	< 0.001
Caregivers	0.5 ± 0.6a	0.9 ± 0.5ab	0.9 ± 0.5ab	1.0 ± 0.7b	0.9 ± 0.3ab	< 0.001
Depression
Patients	0.4 ± 0.6a	0.7 ± 0.7a	1.0 ± 0.7b	1.0 ± 0.9ab	1.7 ± 0.9ab	< 0.001
Caregivers	0.2 ± 0.4	0.8 ± 1.1	0.5 ± 0.5	0.4 ± 0.4	0.5 ± 0.3	0.030
Anxiety
Patients	0.9 ± 0.5a	1.1 ± 0.6ac	1.4 ± 0.6b	2.0 ± 1.0b	1.5 ± 0.7ab	< 0.001
Caregivers	0.3 ± 0.5	0.5 ± 0.6	0.6 ± 0.5	0.4 ± 0.4	0.3 ± 0.7	0.180
Obsessive-compulsive
Patients	0.6 ± 0.8a	1.1 ± 0.9ab	1.8 ± 0.9b	1.5 ± 1.1b	2.3 ± 0.7b	< 0.001
Caregivers	0.5 ± 0.5a	0.8 ± 0.5ab	1.0 ± 0.9ab	0.7 ± 0.7ab	1.6 ±0.9b	< 0.001
Interpersonal sensitivity
Patients	0.4 ± 0.4a	0.6 ± 0.5a	0.6b	0.6b	1.7 ± 0.5b	< 0.001
Caregivers	0.7 ± 0.9	0.8 ± 0.5	1.0 ± 0.7	0.7 ± 0.5	0.7 ± 0.5	0.190
Phobia
Patients	0.2 ± 0.4ab	0.4 ± 0.6acd	1.1 ± 1.2bd	1.6 ± 0.9bd	3.0 ± 0.6b	< 0.001
Caregivers	0.3 ± 0.6a	0.2 ± 0.4abc	0.4 ± 0.4b	0.1 ± 0.3ac	0.6 ± 0.3ab	< 0.001
Paranoid ideation
Patients	0. 9 ± 1.2	1.6 ± 1.1	1.0 ± 1.0	1.3 ± 1.5	1.2 ± 1.5	0.330
Caregivers	0.7 ± 1.0	1.1 ± 0.9	0.8 ± 0.9	1.2 ± 1.0	1.5 ± 1.4	0.220
Psychoticism
Patients	0.1 ± 0.2ac	0.1 ± 0.4ac	0.3 ± 0.4abc	0.4 ± 0.3b	0.3 ± 0.3abc	< 0.001
Caregivers	0.2 ± 0.6	0.1 ± 0.4	0.2 ± 0.4	0.0 ± 0.1	0.1 ± 0.2	0.120
GSI
Patients	0.6 ± 0.3	0.9 ± 0.3	1.4 ± 0.4	1.4 ± 0.5	1.93 ± 0.33	< 0.001
Caregivers	0.4 ± 0.4	0.6 ± 0.4	0.7 ± 0.3	0.6 ± 0.3	0.8 ± 0.2	< 0.001

GSI: global severity index. Data were given as mean±standard deviation..