TABLE 4.
Between-groups pairwise comparisons of cardiovascular function of older adults.
p-value | ||||||
Aqua vs. Land | Aqua vs. Mix | Aqua vs. Sed | Land vs. Mix | Land vs. Sed | Mix vs. Sed | |
CVC | ||||||
Initial peak | 0.10 | 1.00 | 0.001* | 0.10 | 0.20 | 0.009* |
Plateau | 0.40 | 0.60 | <0.0005* | 0.50 | 0.05* | 0.003* |
Max | 0.30 | 0.60 | 0.001* | 0.30 | 0.02* | 0.002* |
%FMD | 0.20 | 0.90 | <0.0005* | 0.40 | <0.0005* | <0.0005* |
*Statistical significance = p < 0.05. CVC, cutaneous vascular conductance; FMD, flow mediated dilation. Aqua, aquatic exercise; Land, land-based exercise; Mix, mixed aquatic and land-based exercise; Sed, sedentary.