. 2020 Nov 30;41(2):335–344. doi: 10.1007/s00296-020-04751-w

Table 2.

Model 1 Regression Analyses for all covariates with each indicator of mental health and psychological wellbeing (dependent variable)

	Pain (MPQ)	Pain (VAS rating)	Physical Fatigue	Mental Fatigue	General Fatigue	Anxious Symptoms	Depressive Symptoms	Vitality
	R² = .383	R² = .330	R² = .348	R² = .140	R² = .260	R² = .207	R² = .219	R² = .176
	F = 34.91	F = 27.73	F = 30.09	F = 9.15	F = 19.78	F = 14.67	F = 15.77	F = 12.05
	p < .001	p < .001	p < .001	p < .001	p < .001	p < .001	p < .001	p < .001
	β	β	β	β	β	β	β	β
Age	− .11*	− .08	− .11*	− .27*	− .21*	− .25*	− .16*	.18*
Gender	− .01	− .02	.05	− .06	− .03	− .01	.01	− .03
Education	− .03	.01	.05	− .04	.03	− .10*	− .04	.06
Living Situation	.02	.04	.01	− .10*	.01	.02	− .09	.07
Concern	.15*	.08	.09	.10	.04	.32*	.15*	− .08
Functional Disability	.55*	.55*	.55*	.23*	.46*	.14*	.38*	− .34*

Model 1: Regressions included all covariates (age, gender, education, living situation, general COVID-19 concern and functional disability) as predictors for each indicator of mental health and wellbeing in separate analyses

R² represents the variance explained in the dependent variable by all covariates together. Statistical information about each model is presented by the F-value and the p-value, with β representing the standardised beta coefficient of each covariate

Concern general COVID-19 concern, MPQ McGill Pain Questionnaire, VAS Visual Analogue Scale, CI confidence interval

^*Significant associations between covariates with indicators of mental health and wellbeing derived using bootstrapped 95% CI