Table 2.

Means, standard deviations, and Pearson correlations for pain, education, opioid equivalents, catastrophizing, and sleep problems

Variable	Mean ± SD	1	2	3	4	5
1. Average pain over 24 h†	6.3 ± 2.3	-
2. Education††	-	−0.30***	-
3. Opioid equivalents	4.9 ± 4.6	0.25**	0.07	-
4. Catastrophizing	21.5 ± 13.4	0.38***	−0.28**	0.09	-
5. Sleep	14.2 ± 4.2	−0.38***	0.18*	−0.14	−0.26**	-

^†Range = 0–10

^††Mean and standard deviation not provided

^*p ≤ 0.05

^**p ≤ 0.01

^***p ≤ 0.001

Lower sleep scores indicate more sleep problems