Table 2. Socio-demographic & clinical correlates of subjects with chronic pain*.
| Chronic pain | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Correlates | Present N = 1831 n (%) | Absent N = 4957 n (%) | Odds Ratio (95% CI‡) |
| Age (Mean ± SD) | 45.4±9.9 | 39.5±11.0 | 0.972 (0.96–0.98) |
| Gender | |||
| Male | 451 (19.2) | 1893 (80.8) | 1.00 |
| Female | 1380 (31.1) | 3064 (68.9) | 1.95 (1.64–2.33) |
| Residence | |||
| Urban | 769 (27.4) | 2037 (72.6) | 1.00 |
| Rural | 1086 (26.7) | 2978 (73.3) | 0.94 (0.82–1.07) |
| Occupation | |||
| Unemployed | 1123 (30.1) | 2609 (69.9) | 1.00 |
| Employed | 742 (23.7) | 2394 (76.3) | 1.03 (0.88–1.19) |
| Education | |||
| <10 years | 1543 (30.9) | 3451 (69.1) | 1.00 |
| >10 years | 308 (16.7) | 1540 (83.8) | 0.79 (0.66–0.95) |
| Family Structure | |||
| Family | 1656 (26.3) | 4629 (73.7) | 1.00 |
| Alone | 80 (38.3) | 129 (61.7) | 1.60 (1.21–2.11) |
| Institution/others | 142 (32) | 302 (68) | 1.63 (1.02–2.61) |
| Socioeconomic status† | |||
| Above Poverty Line | 911 (25.4) | 2672 (74.6) | 1.00 |
| Below Poverty Line | 953 (28.8) | 2354 (71.2) | 0.985 (0.86–1.126) |
| Marital status | |||
| Single | 107 (14.3) | 639 (85.7) | 1.00 |
| Married | 1526 (27.0) | 4125 (73.0) | 0.98 (0.75–1.26) |
| Separated/Divorced | 238 (43.5) | 309 (56.5) | 1.41 (0.97–2.079) |
| Quality of Life | |||
| Good | 886 (21.3) | 3268 (78.6) | 1.0 |
| Average | 606 (31.6) | 1313 (68.4) | 0.96 (0.74–1.24) |
| Poor | 330 (50.5) | 323 (49.5) | 1.13 (0.96–1.34) |
| Satisfaction with Life | |||
| Satisfied | 798 (18.1) | 3617 (81.9) | 1.0 |
| Average | 495 (35.6) | 897 (64.4) | 1.81 (1.53–2.17) |
| Unsatisfied | 528 (57.1) | 397 (42.9) | 2.50 (2.09–3.12) |
| Disability Scores (Mean ± SD) | 7.7±8.6 | 2.9±6.5 | 0.95 (0.94–0.96) |
* Missing responses were excluded from analyses, so samples sizes do not add to 6788 for a few characteristics.
† Socio-economic indicators of Government of India.
‡ Confidence interval.