(A) Schematic protocol for long-term transplantation of white control, HUMBLE or brown control preadipocytes into nude mice. (B) Body weight (BW) change in mice over 12 weeks after transplantation with white control, HUMBLE or brown control cells; n = 8 mice per group. (C to E) GTT in mice 4 weeks (C), 8 weeks (D), and 12 weeks (E) after transplantation with white control, HUMBLE or brown control cells; n = 8 mice per group. (F) Quantification of area under curve (AUC) in GTT after 4, 8, or 12 weeks of transplantation. (G to I) Representative images (upper) and quantification (lower) of UCP1 luciferase reporter activity by IVIS in mice transplanted with white control, HUMBLE, or brown control 4 weeks (G), 8 weeks (H) and 12 weeks (I) after transplantation; n = 8 mice per group. In all charts, data are presented as means ± s.e.m.; *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001.