Table 6.
The association between early onset (i.e., before menopause), late onset (i.e., after menopause) VMS and incident CVD, CHD and stroke
| Vasomotor symptoms (VMS) | CVD | CHD | Stroke | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. of CVD events | No. of cases per 1000 person-years | Adjusted hazard ratio (95% CI) | No. of CHD events | No. of cases per 1000 person-years | Adjusted hazard ratio (95% CI) | No. of stroke events | No. of cases per 1000 person-years | Adjusted hazard ratio (95% CI) | |||
| Hot flushes | |||||||||||
| Never | 128 | 8.1 | 1.00 | 113 | 7.2 | 1.00 | 21 | 1.5 | 1.00 | ||
| Early onset | 1082 | 10.1 | 1.35 (1.09, 1.66) | 959 | 8.9 | 1.41 (1.13, 1.77) | 215 | 2 | 1.11 (0.69, 1.78) | ||
| Late onset | 633 | 11.5 | 1.64 (1.32, 2.05) | 559 | 10.1 | 1.68 (1.33, 2.14) | 120 | 2.3 | 1.45 (0.88, 2.37) | ||
| Night sweats | |||||||||||
| Never | 131 | 7.6 | 1.00 | 119 | 6.9 | 1.00 | 18 | 1.2 | 1.00 | ||
| Early onset | 1077 | 12.1 | 1.56 (1.26, 1.93) | 955 | 10.7 | 1.56 (1.24, 1.96) | 214 | 2.4 | 1.57 (0.95, 2.60) | ||
| Late onset | 630 | 12.8 | 2.03 (1.62, 2.54) | 554 | 11.1 | 1.99 (1.57, 2.53) | 122 | 2.5 | 1.99 (1.18, 3.37) | ||
| VMS (hot flushes or/and night sweats) | |||||||||||
| Never | 101 | 8 | 1.00 | 90 | 7.1 | 1.00 | 15 | 1.4 | 1.00 | ||
| Early onset | 1111 | 9.4 | 1.38 (1.10, 1.75) | 984 | 8.3 | 1.43 (1.12, 1.84) | 222 | 1.9 | 1.26 (0.73, 2.17) | ||
| Late onset | 613 | 11.5 | 1.69 (1.33, 2.16) | 541 | 10.1 | 1.73 (1.33, 2.24) | 115 | 2.2 | 1.57 (0.89, 2.76) | ||
All HRs were adjusted for age of VMS, race/ethnicity, education, body mass index, smoking status, hypertension status, menopausal hormone therapy status, and menopausal status.
Abbreviations: CVD, cardiovascular disease; CHD, coronary heart disease