Table 3.

Time-course analysis of outcomes

Outcome	Random effects model	z	p-value	I2	k
4–12 hours
Suicidality	SMD = −0.7045 [−1.2148; −0.1942]	−2.71	0.0068	82.9	9
24 hours
Response	RR = 2.6011 [1.8599; 3.6378]	5.59	< 0.0001	61.0	28
Remission	RR = 3.2823 [2.0966; 5.1385]	5.20	< 0.0001	8.7	14
Score	SMD = −1.0636 [−1.3926; −0.7346]	−6.34	< 0.0001	89.3	28
Suicidality	SMD = −0.6876 [−1.1461; −0.2291]	−2.94	0.0033	81.2	9
48 hours
Response	RR = 1.4124 [1.0217; 1.9524]	2.09	0.0366	57.2	12
Score	SMD = −1.0474 [−1.5189; −0.5759]	−4.36	< 0.0001	79.5	12
72 hours
Response	RR = 2.1836 [1.4397; 3.3120]	3.67	0.0002	68.5	18
Remission	RR = 2.3576 [1.1980; 4.6396]	2.48	0.0130	51.0	8
Score	SMD = −0.8763 [−1.2076; −0.5450]	−5.18	< 0.0001	75.4	18
Suicidality	SMD = −0.9243 [−1.5804; −0.2683]	−2.76	0.0058	79.9	5
One week
Response	RR = 1.8660 [1.3805; 2.5220]	4.06	< 0.0001	56.5	25
Remission	RR = 2.5868 [1.2728; 5.2574]	2.63	0.0086	50.2	11
Score	SMD = −1.0179 [−1.3615; −0.6743]	−5.81	< 0.0001	89.6	24
Suicidality	SMD = −0.4287 [−0.8202; −0.0373]	−2.15	0.0318	67.6	8
Two weeks
Response	RR = 1.5796 [1.1926; 2.0921]	3.19	< 0.0001	50.2	15
Remission	RR = 7.5979 [2.8489; 20.2632]	4.05	< 0.0001	0.0	5
Score	SMD = −0.6418 [−0.9020; −0.3817]	−4.84	< 0.0001	75.8	15
Suicidality	SMD = −0.2506 [−0.5182; 0.0170]	−1.84	0.0665	0.0	5
Three weeks
Response	RR = 5.4566 [2.7713; 10.7437]	4.91	< 0.0001	70.2	7
Remission	RR = 4.9525 [1.0471; 23.4241]	2.02	0.0436	10.2	2
Score	SMD = −0.2618 [−0.3908; −0.1328]	−3.96	< 0.0001	0.0	7
Four weeks
Response	RR = 1.3891 [1.1655; 1.6557]	3.67	0.0002	27.8	7
Remission	RR = 1.5309 [1.2056; 1.9438]	3.49	0.0005	25.2	7
Score	SMD = −0.3037 [−0.4346; −0.1728]	−4.55	< 0.0001	0.0	6
Suicidality	SMD = −0.1602 [−0.4472; 0.1268]	−1.09	0.2741	0.0	4

RR = rate ratio; SMD = standardized mean difference; z = z-score (on normal distribution); I² = measure of heterogeneity (closer to 100.0 indicates higher heterogeneity); k = number of trials involved in the sub analysis