Table 8.

Treatment effects on the small intestine morphology at 14 d (μm) in experiment 1.

Treatment	14 d				21 d
	Villus height	Crypt depth	V:C1	Muscularis thickness	Villus height	Crypt depth	V:C1	Muscularis thickness
	Duodenum
Control crumble	1,711	136a	13	1,847	2,217	147	15.7	2,363
Medicated three-way crumble	1,655	106b	15	1,785	2,162	142	13.6	2,305
AlphaStart crumble	1,671	113a,b	16	1,784	2,116	139	15.6	2,255
AlphaStart minipellet	1,750	135a	14	1,886	2,110	147	14.7	2,257
SEM2	74	7	1	77	58	7	0.66	60
P-value	0.8	0.05	0.22	0.73	0.55	0.8	0.66	0.55
	Jejunum
Control crumble	696a	126a	5.6	822a	877	142	6.3	1,019
Medicated three-way crumble	427b	91b	4.8	518b	827	129	6.5	955
AlphaStart crumble	481b	96b	5.2	576b	855	140	6.3	996
AlphaStart minipellet	552a,b	116a,b	4.8	668a,b	888	137	6.7	1,025
SEM2	45	8	0.3	50	65	9	0.4	71
P-value	0.001	0.009	0.16	0.001	0.91	0.76	0.87	0.9
	Ileum
Control crumble	367	99	3.7	466	699	139	5.3	875a
Medicated three-way crumble	311	90	3.5	401	640	133	4.9	806a
AlphaStart crumble	381	101	3.8	482	730	150	4.9	879a
AlphaStart minipellet	373	108	3.7	481	565	125	4.6	688b
SEM2	28	6.5	0.3	32	52	9.5	0.3	59
P-value	0.33	0.31	0.85	0.28	0.13	0.33	0.53	0.05

^a,bMeans within a column lacking a common superscript differ (P ≤ 0.05).

¹Villus height–to–crypt debt ratio.

²The SEM n = 36 cages with birds per factor.