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. 2020 Oct 1;99(12):6745–6752. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.09.050

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Effects of chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) on inflammatory cytokines of small intestine in yellow-feather heat-stressed broilers. CON group, basal diet and raised under normal temperature (24°C); HS group, basal diet and raised under cycle heat stress (34°C from 10:00–18:00 and 24°C for the rest time); HSC group, basal diet with 200 mg/kg COS supplementation and raised under cycle heat stress. Abbreviations: IL-1β, interleukin-1β; IL-10, interleukin-10; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α. Values are mean ± SE (n = 6). The values with different superscript letters are different (P < 0.05).