Table 4.
Prevalence of Iron Deficiency Anemia and Iron Deficiency Without Anemia in Women and Children in the Northern and Southern Provinces of Rwanda.
| Northern Province | Southern Province | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|
| % (95% CI) | % (95% CI) | % (95% CI) | |
| Children | |||
| n | 290 | 287 | 577 |
| Anemia (Hb <110 g/L)a | 26.5 (20.7-33.3) | 35.8 (29.1-43.1) | 30.9 (26.4-35.8) |
| Iron deficiency, by definition | |||
| Low SF (<12 µg/L)b | 3.1 (1.6-5.9)d | 8.9 (5.7-13.7) | 5.9 (4.0-8.4) |
| High TfR (>8.3 µg/mL)c | 2.9 (1.2-6.8) | 3.3 (1.8-5.8) | 3.1 (1.8-5.1) |
| Low TBI (<0 µg/kg body weight) | 2.2 (0.9-5.1) | 5.3 (3.0-9.4) | 3.7 (2.3-5.9) |
| Iron deficiency (SF <12 µg/L) with anemiaa,b | 1.9 (0.8-4.5) | 6.2 (3.5-10.9) | 3.9 (2.4-6.4) |
| Iron deficiency (SF <12 µg/L) without anemiaa,b | 1.2 (0.4-4.8) | 2.7 (1.3-5.4) | 1.9 (1.0-3.5) |
| Women | |||
| N | 313 | 282 | 595 |
| Anemia (Hb <120 g/L)a | 7.9 (5.1-11.9)d | 15.3 (10.4-21.8) | 11.2 (8.4-14.7) |
| Iron deficiency, by definition | |||
| Low SF (<15 µg/L)b | 3.3 (1.5-7.1) | 6.8 (4.3-10.5) | 4.8 (3.2-7.2) |
| High TfR (>8.3 µg/mL)c | 3.0 (1.6-5.6) | 3.0 (1.5-6.0) | 3.0 (1.8-4.8) |
| Low TBI (<0 µg/kg body weight) | 1.7 (0.5-5.4) | 1.7 (0.6-4.5) | 1.7 (0.8-4.7) |
| Iron deficiency (SF <15 µg/L) with anemiaa,b | 1.4 (0.5-3.7) | 3.0 (1.6-5.7) | 2.1 (1.2-3.6) |
| Iron deficiency (SF <15 µg/L) without anemiaa,b | 1.9 (0.8-4.3) | 3.8 (1.9-7.3) | 2.7 (1.6-4.6) |
Abbreviations: Hb, hemoglobin; TfR, transferrin receptor; TBI, total body iron.
a
Anemia is defined as an abnormal hemoglobin concentration of <120 g/L for nonpregnant women and <110 g/L for children and pregnant women, adjusted for altitude.16
b
SF ¼ serum ferritin, corrected for inflammation status.17
c
Cutoff used is 8.3 mg/mL based on equivalency to Ramco assay reference.15
d
P value <.05 for difference between Northern and Southern Provinces.