Table 1.
Subgroup Comparison at Baseline (diagnosis; T0): Patients With and Without Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS)
| Baseline (T0) Characteristics | Patients With OSAS (N = 20) | Patients Without OSAS (N = 7) | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sex, male (%) | 11 (55) | 1 (14.3) | 0.09 |
| Age (years) | 49.7 ± 11.7 | 55.9 ± 17.9 | 0.42 |
| Weight (kg) | 95.3 ± 18.5 | 73.1 ± 16.5 | 0.01 |
| BMI (kg/m 2 ) | 29.7 ± 3.8 | 26.1 ± 4.1 | 0.07 |
| Duration of symptoms (years) | 8 (2–20) | 6 (5–28) | 0.74 |
| Diabetes mellitus (N, %) | 5 (25) | 0 (0) | 0.28 |
| Hypothyroidism (N, %) | 2 (10) | 0 (0) | 1 |
| Hypocortisolism (N, %) | 2 (10) | 0 (0) | 1 |
| Hypogonadism (N, %) | 7 (35) | 1 (14.3) | 0.63 |
| Random GH (µg/L) | 9.4 (2.4-32.6) | 7.3 (1.8 -127.7) | 0.28 |
| IGF-1 (nmol/L) | 106 ± 34.3 | 81.1 ± 31.1 | 0.1 |
| IGF-1 SDS | 7.8 (5.2-23.2) | 5.6 (3.5-12.7) | 0.08 |
| Current smoker (N, %) | 0 (0) | 2 (28.6) | 0.06 |
| Alcohol consumption: yes (N, %) | 15 (75) | 3 (42.9) | 0.18 |
| Macroadenoma (N, %) | 15 (75) | 4 (57.1) | 0.36 |
| Microadenoma (N, %) | 5 (25) | 2 (28.6) | |
| GHRH-producing NET (N, %) | 0 (0) | 1 (14.3 ) | |
| AHI (/hour) | 19.8 (5.8-64.6) | 2.9 (0.5-6.1) | <0.001 |
| RDI (/hour) | 27.9 (7.9-99.2) | 5.2 (1.2-7.1) | <0.001 |
| ODI (/hour) | 19.8 (0.6-80.5) | 4.1 (1.5-7.1) | 0.002 |
| LSaO 2 (%) | 81.3 ± 6.4 | 84.8 ± 5.3 | 0.2 |
| ESS | 11.3 (4.8) | 12 (3.1) | 0.78 |
| OSAS type (N, %) | |||
| Obstructive | 20 (100) | NA | NA |
| Central | 0 (0) |
Values are displayed as mean with (SD) or as median with minimum and maximum, depending on the normality of the distribution. Categorical variables are displayed as numbers (percentage). Abbreviations: AHI, apnea hypopnea index; BMI, body mass index in kg/m2; ESS, Epworth Sleepiness Scale; GH, growth hormone; GHRH, GH-releasing hormone; IGF-1, insulin-like growth factor 1; LSaO2, lowest oxygen saturation; NA, not applicable; ODI, oxygen desaturation index; OSAS, obstructive sleep apnea syndrome; RDI, respiratory disturbance index; SDS, standard deviation score.