Table 2.
Course of Clinical, Biochemical and Sleep Characteristics
| Patient Characteristics | T0 (N = 27) | T1 (N = 24) | T2 (N = 23) | P Value ΔT0-T1 | P Value ΔT0-T2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex, male (%) | 12 (44.4) | 12 (50) | 10 (43.5) | NA | NA |
| Age (years) | 51.3 ± 13.5 | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Weight (kg) | 89.5 ± 20.3 | 93.6 ± 23 | 87.7 ± 19.5 | 0.06 | 0.07 |
| BMI (kg/m 2 ) | 28.7 ± 4.1 | 29.8 ± 5.6 | 28.3 ± 5 | 0.07 | 0.07 |
| Duration of symptoms (years) | 7.5 (2–28) | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Diabetes mellitus (N, %) | 5 (18.5) | 5 (20.8) | 5 (21.7) | 1 | 1 |
| Hypothyroidism (N, %) | 2 (7.4) | 3 (12.5) | 3 (13) | 0.67 | 0.91 |
| Hypocortisolism (N, %) | 2 (7.4) | 2 (8.3) | 2 (8.7)a | 0.9 | 0.99 |
| Hypogonadism (N, %) | 8 (29.6) | 6 (25) | 5 (2.17)a | 0.53 | 0.87 |
| Random GH (µg/L) | 7.7 (1.8–127.7) | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| IGF-1 (nmol/L) | 99.5 ± 34.8 | 31.7 ± 16.3 | 23.5 ± 6.9 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| IGF-1 SDS | 7.6 (3.5-23.2) | 1.5 (-2; 4.8) | 1 (-1.2; 2.3) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Current smoker (N, %) | 2 (7.4) | 2 (8.3) | 3 (8.7) | 1 | 0.92 |
| Alcohol consumer: yes (N, %) | 18 (66.7) | 16 (66.7) | 14 (60.9) | 1 | 0.9 |
| Macroadenoma (N, %) | 19 (70.4) | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| RDI (/hour) | 22.4 (1.2-99.2) | 12.5 (0.2-95) | 7.2 (0-24.1) | 0.18 | 0.001 |
| AHI (/hour) | 14.2 (0.5-64.6) | 5.3 (0-52.8) | 4 (0-23.6) | 0.039 | 0.001 |
| ODI (/hour) | 12.8 (0.6-80.5) | 7.0 (0.1-62.7) | 3.5 (0-21.1) | 0.01 | 0.001 |
| LSaO 2 (%) | 84 (68-90) | 86 (67-92) | 87 (72-93) | 0.05 | 0.007 |
| ESS | 11.2 ± 4.4 | 6.8 ± 3 | 6.6 ± 3.3 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Apnea type b (N, %) | 0.91 | 0.15 | |||
| Obstructive/hypopnea | 26 (96.3) | 23 (95.8) | 22 (95.7) | ||
| Mixed (obstructive + central) | 1 (3.7) | 0 | 0 | ||
| OSAS severity (based on RDI; N, %) | 0.001 | <0.001 | |||
| No (<5) | 7 (25.9) | 11 (45.8) | 18 (78.3) | ||
| Mild (5-14) | 5 (18.5) | 8 (33.3) | 3 (13.0) | ||
| Moderate (15-29) | 6 (22.2) | 3 (12.5) | 2 (8.7) | ||
| Severe (>30) | 9 (33.3) | 2 (8.3) | 0 (0) | ||
| Disease status (N, %) | <0.001 | <0.001 | |||
| Untreated/Active | 27 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Surgical remission | 0 (0) | 15 (62.5) | 14 (60.9) | ||
| Biochemical remission | 0 (0) | 2 (8.3) | 9 (39.1) | ||
| Active despite treatment | 0 (0) | 7 (29.2) | 0 (0) |
Values are displayed as mean with standard deviation (SD) or as median with minimum and maximum, depending on the normality of the distribution. Categorical variables are displayed as numbers (percentage). Abbreviations: AHI, apnea hypopnea index; BMI, body mass index in kg/m2; ESS, Epworth Sleepiness Scale; GH, growth hormone; IGF-1, insulin-like growth factor 1; LSaO2, lowest oxygen saturation; NA, not applicable; ODI, oxygen desaturation index; OSAS, obstructive sleep apnea syndrome; RDI, respiratory disturbance index; SDS, standard deviation score. aOne male with hypogonadism and hypocortisolism did not undergo a PSG at T2. bOne patient did not demonstrate any event during PSG at T1 and T2.