Table 1.
Sample Characteristics of Smokersa in 2014–2015 Reporting a Past-Year Quit Attempt in 2015–2016, According to Use or No Use, of e-Cigarettes to Aid Quitting, Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study
| Sociodemographic Factors | Used e-Cigarettes on Quit Attempt b (n = 427) | Did Not Use e-Cigarettes on Quit Attempt b (n = 2,108) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. | Weighted % | 95% CI | No. | Weighted % | 95% CI | P Value | |
| Age, years | <0.001 | ||||||
| 18–34 | 218 | 46.8 | 41.1, 52.5 | 922 | 38.3 | 35.6, 41.0 | |
| 35–50 | 127 | 32.0 | 26.7, 37.3 | 546 | 28.5 | 26.0, 31.0 | |
| ≥50 | 82 | 21.2 | 16.9, 25.5 | 640 | 33.2 | 30.5, 35.9 | |
| Sex | 0.500 | ||||||
| Male | 202 | 50.7 | 44.8, 56.6 | 1,012 | 53.0 | 50.5, 55.5 | |
| Female | 225 | 49.3 | 43.4, 55.2 | 1,095 | 47.0 | 44.5, 49.5 | |
| Education | 0.006 | ||||||
| Less than high school | 89 | 19.4 | 14.9, 23.9 | 593 | 26.8 | 24.6, 29.0 | |
| High school graduate | 90 | 23.1 | 17.2, 29.0 | 502 | 27.5 | 25.0, 30.0 | |
| Some college or higher | 230 | 55.2 | 48.9, 61.5 | 944 | 43.7 | 41.2, 46.2 | |
| Ethnicity | <0.001 | ||||||
| Hispanic | 37 | 6.9 | 4.7, 9.1 | 334 | 15.1 | 13.1, 17.1 | |
| Non-Hispanic | 390 | 93.1 | 90.9, 95.3 | 1732 | 82.9 | 80.7, 85.1 | |
| Race | <0.001 | ||||||
| White | 354 | 85.8 | 82.5, 89.1 | 1,400 | 69.1 | 66.6, 71.6 | |
| Black | 26 | 5.5 | 3.3, 7.7 | 433 | 19.5 | 17.5, 21.5 | |
| Other | 43 | 8.0 | 5.1, 10.9 | 223 | 9.0 | 7.6, 10.4 | |
| Income (annually, US$) | <0.001 | ||||||
| <35,000 | 220 | 47.5 | 42.2, 52.8 | 1,341 | 59.8 | 56.9, 62.7 | |
| ≥35,000 | 190 | 48.0 | 42.7, 53.3 | 633 | 34.0 | 31.3, 36.7 | |
| Smoking-related diseases | 0.178 | ||||||
| Marked | 201 | 47.0 | 41.7, 52.3 | 1,069 | 51.1 | 48.4, 53.8 | |
| Not marked | 226 | 53.0 | 47.7, 58.3 | 1,039 | 48.9 | 46.2, 51.6 | |
| Nicotine dependence scale score | 0.009 | ||||||
| 0–33.3 | 89 | 22.4 | 17.1, 27.7 | 571 | 28.5 | 25.6, 31.4 | |
| 33.4–66.7 | 172 | 38.6 | 33.9, 43.3 | 839 | 39.4 | 36.9, 41.9 | |
| 66.8–100 | 165 | 38.7 | 33.4, 44.0 | 648 | 29.6 | 27.4, 31.8 | |
| Relative perceived harm of e-cigarettes | <0.001 | ||||||
| Less harmful | 262 | 61.3 | 56.4, 66.2 | 726 | 34.7 | 32.3, 37.1 | |
| More harmful | 158 | 36.9 | 31.8, 42.0 | 1,306 | 61.4 | 58.9, 63.9 | |
| e-Cigarette use before W2 | 0.001 | ||||||
| Never | 44 | 10.9 | 7.4, 14.4 | 949 | 48.1 | 45.9, 50.3 | |
| Ever | 383 | 89.1 | 85.6, 92.6 | 1,154 | 51.7 | 49.5, 53.9 | |
| e-Cigarette use before W2 | <0.001 | ||||||
| Daily use at W1 or W2 | 106 | 24.5 | 20.0, 29.0 | 96 | 4.3 | 3.3, 5.3 | |
| Not daily use at W1 or W2 | 321 | 75.5 | 71.0, 80.0 | 2012 | 95.7 | 94.7, 96.7 | |
Abbreviations: W1, wave 1 of the study; W2, wave 2 of the study.
a Weighted US population estimates.
b e-Cigarette use status for most recent quit attempt, among all smokers reporting a quit attempt at wave 3.