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. 2020 Nov 30;11:6109. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-19848-w

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 1 — a Cartoon describing the image detection task—monkeys were trained to report whether a natural image is embedded into a 60-Hz movie stimulus (50% of trials did not contain the image). The image was flashed for 2–15 consecutive frames inserted at random times with respect to movie onset (total movie length: 96 frames, 1600-ms). b Psychometric curves for the image detection task represented as a function of the number of consecutive image frames. Detection threshold (calculated at d’ = 1) was 2.89 frames for monkey C and 3.28 frames for monkey W (n = 16, 6). Inset shows the average detection performance for the two-frame image condition as a function of trials (300 trials moving average, 10 ms step). c Cartoon describing the image identification task—one of two images, or no image in control trials, was randomly inserted into a movie stimulus (0–40 consecutive frames, same movie parameters as in a). Monkeys were required to identify the image by making a saccade toward one of the two scenes displayed after stimulus presentation. d Results of the image identification experiment represented as proportion correct saccades for stimuli containing between 0 and 40 image frames. Image identification performance for the two-frame stimuli was not different from chance (no image present in the movie; P = 1, P = 0.91, Wilcoxon sign-rank test, n = 20, 12). Error bars in all panels represent sem.