Table 1.
Characteristic | Mean (SD) | Range |
---|---|---|
Controls | ||
Age (years) | 54.70 (14.17) | 26–91 |
Married (%) | 78.83 | 0,1 |
White race (%) | 58.83 | 0,1 |
Income (US$) | 161, 732 (335,180) | 0–4,259,887 |
Assets (US$) | 2,856,089 (10,600,000) | 0–202,000,000 |
College graduate (%) | 78.45 (0.41) | 0,1 |
Depression screen (%)a | 19.61 (0.40) | 0,1 |
Functional limitations (0–11)b | 3.53 (3.25) | 0–11 |
Binge drinkingc | 13.50 (44.93) | 0–365 |
NFL career length (years)d | 8.10 (3.15) | 3–20 |
Weekly religious attendance (%)e | 34.47 | 0,1 |
Painf | ||
Any joint (%) | 78.54 | 0,1 |
Headache/migraine (%) | 19.13 | 0,1 |
Neck (%) | 35.63 | 0,1 |
Low back (%) | 53.40 | 0,1 |
Pain indexg | 1.87 (1.19) | 0–4 |
Anger attacksh | 30.87 | 0,1 |
Note. aFour-item set of questions on the lifetime experience of a period lasting several days or longer when most of the day you felt sad, empty, or depressed; you were very discouraged about how things were going on in your life; you lost interest in most things you usually enjoy; you were very irritable, grumpy, or in a bad mood. Coded 1 for reporting at least 1 symptom; 0 otherwise.
12-item set of questions asking how difficult it was to do things like climb several flights of stairs; stoop, bend, or kneel; or pull or push large objects. A count of limitations was created that ranged from 0 to 12 for how many activities respondents reported as at least “somewhat difficult” to perform.
In the past year, on how many days did you consume five or more alcoholic beverages?
Calculated using the first and last season played.
How often do you attend religious services? Coded 1 for weekly or more; 0 otherwise.
Survey asked about pain during the past 30 days that lasted most of the day and was not fleeting or minor.
Number of sites of pain.
Composite variable coded 1 for affirmative responses to at least one of three questions: Since you left football, have you ever had attacks of anger when all of a sudden you lost control and (a) broke or smashed something worth more than a few dollars, (b) threatened to hit or hurt someone, or (c) hit or tried to hurt someone?; 0 otherwise.