Table 4.
Antibiotic Detection in the Urine and Blood Culture Positivity, Surveillance for Enteric Fever in Asia Project—Bangladesh, Nepal, and Pakistan, 2016–2019
| Detection | Model 1 (Unadjusted) | Model 2a | Model 3b | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PR (95% CI) | P Value | PR (95% CI) | P Value | PR (95% CI) | P Value | |
| Overall | 1.33 (1.1–1.6) | .004 | 1.22 (.99–1.5) | .065 | 1.29 (1.05–1.55) | .014 |
| Country | ||||||
| Bangladesh | 1.34 (1.05–1.67) | .019 | 1.25 (.96–1.6) | .102 | 1.28 (1.01–1.6) | .041 |
| Nepal | 1.77 (.92–3.3) | .088 | 1.38 (.52–3.54) | .518 | 0.69 (.19–2.27) | .557 |
| Pakistan | 1.19 (.87–1.59) | .277 | 1.26 (.9–1.71) | .171 | 1.38 (.97–1.89) | .074 |
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; PR, prevalence ratio.
aModel 2: Adjusted for fever duration, days unable to complete normal activity, temperature at presentation, age, wealth.
bModel 3: Restricted to participants with a clinically suspected enteric fever diagnosis.