Table 3.
Characteristics of Patients With Blood Culture–Confirmed Enteric Fever (Salmonella Typhi and Paratyphi A) Enrolled in the Surveillance for Enteric Fever in Asia Project (SEAP) With Clinical Complications Documented in the Medical Records—Bangladesh, Nepal, and Pakistan, 2016–2019
| Patients with Complications, by Country | All Countries | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bangladesh (n = 18) | Nepal (n = 12) | Pakistan (n = 60) | With Complications (n = 90) | Without Complications (n = 5115) | P | |
| Demographics | ||||||
| Age, median (IQR), years | 5 (3–8) | 19 (14–25) | 9 (3–17) | 9 (4–17) | 6 (3–10) | <.001 |
| Male gender, n (%) | 8 (44) | 8 (67) | 36 (60) | 52 (58) | 2880 (56) | .78 |
| Isolate characteristics | ||||||
| S. Typhi serovar, n (%) | 17 (94) | 12 (100) | 58 (97) | 87 (97) | 4516 (88) | .01 |
| Fluoroquinolone resistance, n (%) | 18 (100) | 8 (67) | 60 (100) | 86 (96) | 4902 (96) | .82 |
| S. Typhi third-generation cephalosporin resistance,a n (%) | 46 (79) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 46 (79) | 932 (63) | .01 |
| Severity | ||||||
| Time from fever onset to hospital presentation, median (IQR), days | 6 (3–8) | 5 (3–8) | 10 (7–16) | 8 (5–14) | 5 (3–7) | <.001 |
| Prior antibiotic use,b n (%) | 8 (44) | 8 (67) | 53 (88) | 69 (77) | 2679 (52) | <.001 |
N = 5205.
Abbreviation: IQR, interquartile range.
aPakistan only, where antibiotic resistance testing results were available: n = 58 with complication, n = 1470 without complications; no third-generation cephalosporin resistance was detected in Bangladesh or Nepal.
bPatient or caregiver reported.