Table 5.
Maternal and Fetal/Neonatal Outcomes by Hemoglobin Concentration for India
| Overall | Maternal Hemoglobin g/dL | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Very low(< 7.0) | Low(7.0–7.9) | Low(8.0–8.9) | Low(9.0–9.9) | Low normal(10.0–10.9) | Normal(11.0–12.9) | High(≥ 13.0) | ||
| Maternal Outcomes | ||||||||
| Deliveries, N | 112,734 | 268 | 992 | 8037 | 42,460 | 43,530 | 16,163 | 1284 |
| Maternal death < 42 days (Rate/100,000 deliveries) | 134 (119) | 0 (0) | 1 (101) | 18 (224) | 41 (97) | 47 (108) | 23 (142) | 4 (312) |
| Antepartum hemorrhage, N (%) | 739 (0.7) | 6 (2.2) | 11 (1.1) | 60 (0.7) | 301 (0.7) | 239 (0.5) | 114 (0.7) | 8 (0.6) |
| Postpartum hemorrhage, N (%) | 679 (0.6) | 10 (3.8) | 14 (1.4) | 70 (0.9) | 209 (0.5) | 233 (0.5) | 131 (0.8) | 12 (1.0) |
| Hypertensive disease/pre- eclampsia/eclampsia, N (%) | 3685 (3.3) | 18 (6.7) | 38 (3.8) | 255 (3.2) | 1287 (3.0) | 1314 (3.0) | 675 (4.2) | 98 (7.6) |
| Obstructed labor, N (%) | 11,546 (10.3) | 27 (10.1) | 90 (9.1) | 749 (9.3) | 3970 (9.4) | 4557 (10.5) | 1982 (12.3) | 171 (13.3) |
| C-delivery, N (%) | 28,706 (25.5) | 64 (23.9) | 203 (20.5) | 1766 (22.0) | 9664 (22.8) | 11,412 (26.2) | 5172 (32.0) | 425 (33.1) |
| Preterm, N (%) | 12,740 (11.3) | 43 (16.2) | 141 (14.2) | 1050 (13.1) | 5060 (12.0) | 4629 (10.7) | 1676 (10.4) | 141 (11.0) |
| Fetal/Neonatal Outcomes | ||||||||
| Births, N | 113,749 | 269 | 1006 | 8116 | 42,853 | 43,893 | 16,319 | 1293 |
| Stillbirth, N (Rate/1000) | 2926 (25.7) | 15 (55.8) | 36 (35.8) | 245 (30.2) | 1166 (27.2) | 1038 (23.7) | 392 (24.0) | 34 (26.3) |
| Neonatal mortality < 7 days, N (Rate/1000) | 2097 (18.9) | 10 (39.4) | 30 (31.0) | 182 (23.1) | 856 (20.6) | 732 (17.1) | 266 (16.7) | 21 (16.7) |
| Neonatal mortality < 28 days, N (Rate/1000) | 2593 (23.4) | 12 (47.2) | 33 (34.1) | 228 (29.0) | 1038 (24.9) | 926 (21.6) | 328 (20.6) | 28 (22.3) |
| Birth weight (g)a, Mean (SD) | 2707 (462) | 2641 (505) | 2644 (481) | 2670 (472) | 2687 (466) | 2720 (450) | 2744 (469) | 2728 (462) |
| Low birth weight (< 2500 g)a, N (%) | 21,575 (19.2) | 69 (26.6) | 253 (25.7) | 1783 (22.3) | 8436 (20.0) | 7787 (18.0) | 2969 (18.5) | 278 (21.9) |
aBirth weight measured within 7 days of delivery