Fig. 1.

Cultured human podocytes release migrasomes. a, b, Migrasomes released by human podocyte (HPCs) (a) but not renal tubular HK-2 cells (b) observed by confocal fluorescence microscopy. HPCs and HK-2 cells were transfected with TSPAN4-mCherry-expressing plasmid and grown on coverslips. c Immunofluorescence staining of SIRPα in HPC observed by confocal microscopy. In panel a, c, enlarged sections were shown in the right panels, respectively. Scale bar, 25 μm. d Migrasomes released by HPC observed by SEM. Scale bar, 1 μm. e TEM images of HPC-released migrasomes adherent to the culture dish or purified from the supernatant. Scale bar, 500 nm. f Level of migrasomes secreted by HPCs and HK-2 cells in 3-h culture. HPCs, human podocyte cell lines; TEM, transmission electron microscopy; SEM, scanning electron microscopy; TSPAN4, tetraspanin-4.