Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of the study cohort
| General characteristic | Overall (n = 530) | Without anuria (n = 309) | With anuria (n = 221) | p valuea |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 45.4±15.0 | 44.6±14.2 | 46.6±16.0 | 0.139 |
| Male, n (%) | 303 (57.2) | 188 (60.8) | 115 (52.0) | 0.043 |
| MAP, mmHg | 107.8±13.8 | 106.7±12.8 | 109.4±15.1 | 0.020 |
| DKD to ESRD | 84 (15.9) | 46 (14.9) | 38 (17.2) | 0.539 |
| Baseline lab examinations | ||||
| Serum Cr, µmol/L | 991.5±316.8 | 965.9±354.3 | 1,027.3±371.7 | 0.055 |
| Serum ALB, g/L | 34.4±5.8 | 35.0±5.3 | 33.6±6.3 | 0.006 |
| Blood HGB, g/L | 87.9±22.3 | 87.4±20.9 | 88.8±24.2 | 0.470 |
| Serum calcium, mmol/L | 2.04±0.29 | 2.05±0.29 | 2.03±0.29 | 0.412 |
| Serum phosphate, mmol/L | 2.35±0.64 | 2.27±0.61 | 2.46±0.68 | 0.001 |
| Serum PTH, pg/mL | 360.4±294.6 | 332.7±211.3 | 402.5±385.2 | 0.009 |
| Baseline PD characteristics | ||||
| CAPD, n (%) | 480 (90.6) | 290 (93.9) | 190 (86.0) | 0.002 |
| Dialysate GLUC, % | 1.57±0.19 | 1.53±0.14 | 1.61±0.25 | <0.001 |
| UF volume, mL/24 h | 250 (50–450) | 200 (50–400) | 310 (150–550) | <0.001 |
| Urine volume, mL/24 h | 800 (500–1,100) | 900 (600–1,200) | 650 (350–1,000)b | <0.001 |
| KT/V score | 2.32±0.63 | 2.40±0.71 | 2.20±0.60 | 0.001 |
| PET type | 0.167 | |||
| Low, n (%) | 24 (4.5) | 15 (4.9) | 9 (4.1) | − |
| Low average, n (%) | 236 (44.5) | 145 (46.9) | 91 (41.2) | − |
| High average, n (%) | 233 (44.0) | 128 (41.4) | 105 (47.5) | − |
| High, n (%) | 37 (7.0) | 21 (6.8) | 16 (7.2) | − |
| PD vintage, months | 32 (15–54) | 21 (11–38) | 49 (32–70) | <0.001 |
| SP controlled duration, months | 13 (5–28) | 11 (6–23) | 17 (4–32) | 0.202 |
| Outcomes | ||||
| Death, n (%) | 78 (14.7) | 35 (11.4) | 43 (19.5) | 0.010 |
| PD withdrawal, n (%) | 226 (42.7) | 137 (44.5) | 89 (40.3) | 0.335 |
| Combined endpoint, n (%) | 196 (37.1) | 76 (24.7) | 120 (54.3) | <0.001 |
Continuous variables are expressed as mean±SD or median (25th percentile–75th percentile). Categorical variables are expressed as n (%). MAP, KT/V, and PET were calculated by formulas mentioned before. MAP, mean arterial pressure; DKD, diabetic kidney disease; PTH, parathyroid hormone; PD, peritoneal dialysis; CAPD, continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis; GLUC, glucose concentration; UF, ultrafiltrate; HD, hemodialysis; PET, peritoneal equilibration test; SP, serum phosphorus.
p value for comparisons between with and without RRF groups by t test, Kruskal-Wallis test, or χ2 test for continuous and categorical variables, respectively.
Because without RRF was defined as anuria (urine volume <100 mL/24 h) during the whole follow-up period, patients were not anuric at baseline.