Table. Characteristics of enrolled children with Lyme disease and clinical mimics, United States, 2015–2020*.
| Characteristics |
Lyme disease |
Clinical mimics |
p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total |
515 |
1,982 |
|
| Demographics | |||
| Median age, y (IQR) | 8 (6–11) | 9 (5–14) | 0.02 |
| Sex | |||
| M | 345 (67.0) | 1,048 (52.9) | <0.01 |
| F | 170 (33.0) | 934 (47.1) | |
| Race | |||
| White | 438 (85.0) | 1,482 (74.8) | <0.01 |
| Black | 42 (8.2) | 255 (12.9) | |
| Asian | 8 (1.6) | 53 (2.7) | |
| Pacific Islander | 0 | 3 (0.1) | |
| Native American | 0 | 2 (0.1) | |
| Other | 22 (4.3) | 156 (7.9) | |
| Missing data | 5 (1.0) | 31 (1.6) | |
| Ethnicity | |||
| Hispanic | 33 (6.4) | 234 (11.8) | <0.01 |
| Non-Hispanic | 480 (93.2) | 1,734 (87.5) | |
| Missing data | 2 (0.4) | 14 (0.7) |
| History | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Presentation during peak Lyme season† | 343/515 (66.6) | 1,187/1,982 (59.9) | <0.01 |
| Previous Lyme disease | 47/514 (9.1) | 79/1,945 (4.1) | <0.01 |
| Tick bite within past year | 73/468 (15.6) | 150/1,808 (8.3) | <0.01 |
| Fever | 176/507 (34.7) | 732/1,959 (37.4 | 0.35 |
| Headache | 152/510 (29.8) | 760/1,926 (39.5) | <0.01 |
| Examination | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Erythema migrans lesion | 54 (10.5) | NA | NA |
| Facial palsy | 59 (11.5) | 158 (8.0) | <0.01 |
| Lumbar puncture performed | 47 (9.1) | 155 (7.8) | 0.33 |
| Meningitis | 21/47 (44.7) | 57/155 (36.8) | |
| Arthritis (joint swelling) | 286 (55.5) | 556 (28.1) | <0.01 |
*Values are no. (%) except as indicated. NA, not applicable. †June–October.