Table 2.

Comparison of RBANS Scores Between First-Episode Schizophrenia Patients and Healthy Control Subjects

Cognitive Index	DNFE Patients n = 256	Controls n = 180	F(P)a	Effect Size	MD (95% CI)
Immediate memory	65.3 ± 16.9	75.6 ± 17.6	57.4 (<.001)	0.60	−10.3 (−7.6 to −13.0)
Visuospatial/constructional	77.4 ± 16.9	79.8 ± 15.4	3.4 (.066)	0.15	−2.3 (0.16 to −4.78)
Language	75.2 ± 18.3	94.1 ± 13.2	249.4 (<.001)	1.15	−18.9 (−16.6 to −21.3)
Attention	74.7 ± 19.9	87.5 ± 19.9	66.5 (<.001)	0.64	−12.7 (−9.7 to −15.8)
Delayed memory	69.8 ± 20.1	86.5 ± 15.0		0.92	−16.6 (−14.0 to −19.2)
Total	66.6 ± 15.9	80.2 ± 15.0	154.0 (<.001)	0.88	−13.5 (−11.2 to −15.9)

Note: Adjusted F value controlling for gender, age, education, smoking status, and BMI between patients and control subjects; MD, mean difference between patients and health controls; CI, confidence interval.

The measure of effect size refers to Cohen’s d value here. Since Cohen suggested that d = 0.2 be considered a “small” effect size, 0.5 a “medium” effect size and 0.8 a “large” effect size, most of RBANS domain and total scores between patients and controls display large difference except for immediate memory (medium) and visuospatial/construction (small).