Appendix 2.
Bivariate Association with Race/Ethnicity
| Variable | Race/Ethnicity, Weighted column % | P-value | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| White | Asian | Black | Mexican | Other Hispanic | Other | ||
| Main Variable | |||||||
| Self-rated dietary pattern | <0.001 | ||||||
| Excellent/very good | 34.9 | 43.0 | 24.6 | 13.7 | 21.7 | 27.6 | |
| Good | 42.8 | 41.8 | 40.4 | 40.2 | 44.2 | 42.4 | |
| Fair/poor | 22.3 | 15.1 | 35.0 | 46.1 | 34.2 | 30.0 | |
| HEI Total | <0.001 | ||||||
| Poor | 66.0 | 50.3 | 74.8 | 72.8 | 63.1 | 72.9 | |
| Need improvement | 30.8 | 42.8 | 23.1 | 24.6 | 32.7 | 26.0 | |
| Acceptable | 3.2 | 6.8 | 2.1 | 2.6 | 4.1 | 1.0 | |
| Caffeine | <0.001 | ||||||
| None | 9.1 | 17.0 | 28.8 | 17.0 | 13.3 | 9.7 | |
| 1–200 mg | 51.9 | 67.6 | 60.3 | 64.3 | 65.3 | 58.2 | |
| >200–400 mg | 26.3 | 13.0 | 8.8 | 14.6 | 16.5 | 19.3 | |
| >400 mg | 12.7 | 2.5 | 2.1 | 4.1 | 4.9 | 12.7 | |
| Total Leisure-Time Physical Activity (MET-hours/week) | <0.001 | ||||||
| None | 43.2 | 39.2 | 49.3 | 53.7 | 50.3 | 44.4 | |
| Low (≤12) | 21.6 | 23.5 | 19.3 | 17.1 | 18.4 | 20.5 | |
| Moderate (>12 to 32) | 21.2 | 22.9 | 14.8 | 15.6 | 17.5 | 14.9 | |
| High (>32) | 13.9 | 14.3 | 16.7 | 13.6 | 13.8 | 20.1 | |
| Socio-Demographic | |||||||
| Sex | 0.016 | ||||||
| Female | 51.2 | 53.2 | 55.0 | 49.1 | 53.2 | 47.4 | |
| Male | 48.8 | 46.8 | 45.0 | 50.9 | 46.8 | 52.6 | |
| Age | <0.001 | ||||||
| 20–44 | 38.7 | 53.0 | 50.7 | 63.7 | 57.4 | 54.8 | |
| 45–64 | 38.4 | 32.4 | 36.3 | 28.5 | 31.3 | 30.3 | |
| ≥65 | 22.9 | 14.6 | 13.0 | 7.8 | 11.3 | 15.0 | |
| Education | <0.001 | ||||||
| <High school | 9.53 | 11.0 | 18.4 | 45.1 | 29.6 | 10.3 | |
| High school | 20.9 | 13.3 | 25.9 | 20.7 | 22.1 | 20.4 | |
| Some college | 34.1 | 20.6 | 36.9 | 25.0 | 30.8 | 43.8 | |
| College | 35.5 | 55.0 | 18.8 | 9.2 | 17.5 | 25.6 | |
| Marital Status | <0.001 | ||||||
| Married/cohabitating | 64.7 | 67.2 | 41.2 | 67.4 | 57.9 | 57.8 | |
| Never married | 16.1 | 22.8 | 35.8 | 19.1 | 22.6 | 21.2 | |
| Other (divorced. separated, widowed) | 19.2 | 9.9 | 22.9 | 13.5 | 19.4 | 21.0 | |
| Ratio of Family Income to Poverty | <0.001 | ||||||
| Poor | 10.2 | 13.9 | 26.2 | 27.2 | 26.8 | 18.2 | |
| Low | 17.8 | 15.0 | 23.6 | 29.2 | 23.7 | 24.4 | |
| Moderate | 26.8 | 25.2 | 23.7 | 22.6 | 25.4 | 26.0 | |
| High | 40.4 | 37.2 | 17.0 | 9.8 | 14.5 | 23.3 | |
| Missing | 4.9 | 8.6 | 9.6 | 11.2 | 9.6 | 8.1 | |
| Health Insurance | <0.001 | ||||||
| No insurance | 11.3 | 15.8 | 21.6 | 44.1 | 31.1 | 21.2 | |
| Public | 13.3 | 13.0 | 24.3 | 14.2 | 19.6 | 15.7 | |
| Private | 69.0 | 63.0 | 44.6 | 34.0 | 41.5 | 50.3 | |
| Other | 6.4 | 8.2 | 9.5 | 7.6 | 7.8 | 12.7 | |
| Health-related | |||||||
| # of Chronic Conditions | <0.001 | ||||||
| 0 | 43.6 | 65.6 | 52.0 | 63.1 | 56.9 | 41.2 | |
| 1 | 27.5 | 22.7 | 25.9 | 22.9 | 26.7 | 29.2 | |
| 2+ | 28.9 | 11.7 | 22.0 | 13.9 | 16.4 | 29.5 | |
| General Health | <0.001 | ||||||
| Excellent/very good | 52.0 | 49.3 | 37.6 | 224.3 | 34.4 | 41.9 | |
| Good | 33.6 | 38.2 | 39.9 | 39.9 | 39.1 | 35.6 | |
| Fair/poor | 14.4 | 12.4 | 22.5 | 35.7 | 26.5 | 22.5 | |
| Behavioral-related | |||||||
| Alcohol | <0.001 | ||||||
| No | 63.1 | 81.1 | 67.2 | 52.9 | 57.5 | 63.4 | |
| Yes | 36.9 | 18.9 | 32.8 | 47.1 | 42.5 | 36.6 | |
| Smoking | <0.001 | ||||||
| Never | 52.2 | 75.7 | 59.6 | 66.1 | 62.0 | 45.3 | |
| Previous | 28.5 | 14.2 | 15.3 | 18.9 | 21.4 | 22.3 | |
| Current | 19.3 | 10.1 | 25.1 | 15.0 | 16.6 | 32.4 | |
| Sleep disorder | <0.001 | ||||||
| No | 67.4 | 84.9 | 74.4 | 81.6 | 77.8 | 65.3 | |
| Yes | 32.6 | 15.1 | 25.6 | 18.4 | 22.2 | 34.7 | |
| Obesity | <0.001 | ||||||
| Normal or underweight | 29.9 | 57.6 | 24.8 | 19.0 | 25.1 | 29.2 | |
| Overweight | 34.2 | 29.7 | 26.8 | 35.0 | 34.4 | 27.1 | |
| Obese | 35.9 | 12.7 | 48.4 | 46.0 | 40.5 | 43.8 | |
HEI = Health Eating Index. MET = Metabolic Equivalent of Task. Adjusting for the NHANES complex sampling design, Rao-Scott’s chi-square test was used to explore bivariate association with race/ethnicity.