Table 2.
Objective sleep parameters analyzed by EEG after the intake of onion extract and placebo conditions
| Evaluated factor | Onion extract (n = 21) | Placebo (n = 21) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total sleep time | Min | 335.4 | ± | 9.0 | 323.4 | ± | 8.8 |
| Sleep period time | Min | 375.5 | ± | 11.1 | 358.1 | ± | 10.1 |
| During REM sleep latency | Min | 68.5 | ± | 4.2 | 66.7 | ± | 3.0 |
| Sleep latency | Min | 27.3 | ± | 5.4 | 38.8 | ± | 10.0 |
|
Total time of NREM sleep stage 1 (ratio of NREM sleep stage 1) |
Min (%) |
56.9 (15.0) |
± |
4.3 (0.9) |
53.9 (15.2) |
± |
3.7 (1.1) |
|
Total time of NREM sleep stage 2 (ratio of NREM sleep stage 2) |
Min (%) |
181.0 (48.5) |
± |
5.5 (1.0) |
173.2 (48.3) |
± |
6.9 (1.4) |
|
Total time of NREM sleep stage 3 (ratio of NREM sleep stage 3) |
Min (%) |
14.9 (4.1) |
± |
3.0 (0.8) |
13.5 (3.8) |
± |
3.0 (0.8) |
|
Total time of NREM sleep stage 1–3 (ratio of NREM sleep stage 1–3) |
Min (%) |
252.8 (67.6) |
± |
6.8 (0.8) |
240.6 (67.3) |
± |
6.0 (0.8) |
|
Total time of REM sleep (ratio of REM sleep) |
Min (%) |
82.5 (22.0) |
± |
3.7 (0.8) |
82.9 (23.1) |
± |
3.9 (0.8) |
| Awakening index | Times | 12.5 | ± | 0.9 | 11.5 | ± | 0.9 |
| Wake after sleep onset (WASO) | Min | 40.1 | ± | 3.8 | 34.7 | ± | 3.1 |
| Sleep efficiency | % | 82.4 | ± | 1.7 | 81.3 | ± | 2.0 |
| Delta power during first NREM | µV2 | 100710.6 | ± | 9489.2 | 89714.3 | ± | 9187.7 |
| Delta power during first NREM/min | µV2/min | 1599.0 | ± | 124.5* | 1454.8 | ± | 132.4 |
| Delta power during NREM | µV2 | 286900.5 | ± | 30073.3* | 252816.1 | ± | 21997.3 |
| Delta power during NREM/min | µV2/min | 1134.9 | ± | 109.2 | 1056.0 | ± | 91.0 |
EEG: electroencephalogram, REM: rapid-eye movement, NREM: non-rapid eye movement
All values are expressed as mean ± SE. *Intergroup comparison (p < 0.05, vs. placebo group)