Table 1.
Protective effects of various treatments against GO-induced renal cytotoxicity.
| Treatment | Cytotoxicity (%) following 3 h incubation |
|---|---|
| Control isolated renal cells | 15 ± 3 |
| +GO (5 mM) | 80 ± 5a |
| +Resveratrol (50 μM) | 37 ± 4b |
| +Curcumin (5 μM) | 27 ± 2 b |
| +Gallic acid (10 μM) | 30 ± 4b |
| + DMSO (150 mM) | 50 ± 5b |
| +Mannitol (50 mM) | 66 ± 4b |
| +Carnitine (2 mM) | 34 ± 4b |
| +L-Glutamine (1 mM) | 56 ± 2b |
| +Chloroquine (100 mM) | 47 ± 5b |
Data are expressed as mean ± SD of three separate experiments (n = 3).
a
Significantly different from the control renal cells (P < 0.05).
b
Significantly different from the GO-treated renal cells (P < 0.05). GO: glyoxal; DMSO: dimethyl sulfoxide and SD: standard deviation.