Gene expression profiling allows reproducible classification of UPS with distinct immune infiltrates and prognostic significance (A) Unsupervised Hierarchical Clustering of RNA-sequencing in UPS from Institut Bergonié (n = 25); 3 groups of patients are identified, with 3 associated gene-clusters. (B) Expression of CD8 (upper panel) and IDO1 (lower panel) by IHC staining shows concordance with RNA profiling group. Left: a sample belonging to group A negative for CD8 and IDO1 on IHC (IE880), middle: a sample belonging to group C negative for CD8 and IDO1 on IHC (IU366), right: 2 samples belonging to group B positive for CD8 and IDO1 on IHC (IQ427 and ID447) (magnification × 100). (C) Unsupervised Hierarchical Clustering of RNA-sequencing in UPS from TCGA consortium (n = 41); 3 groups of patients are identified, with 3 associated gene-clusters. (D) Analysis of Agreement between Differential EXpression of genes in group A vs B UPS from Institut Bergonié and group A vs B UPS from TCGA consortium reveals a very high correlation (1405 genes, Spearman = 0.83, Pearson = 0.73). (E) Overall survival (OS) of UPS patients from TCGA consortium according to gene expression is significantly different in group A (immune-low) versus group B (immune-high) (n = 32) (p = 0.03).