Table 3.
Distributed lagged effects of mitigation measures on Google searches for mental health.
| First mandate | Last mandate | Mandate lag 1 | Mandate lag2 | Lift | Lift lag 1 | N | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Isolation | 0.264* | 0.111 | 0.068 | −0.136* | 0.019 | −0.003 | 7752 |
| (0.16) | (0.13) | (0.07) | (0.08) | (0.04) | (0.06) | ||
| Worry | 0.136* | 0.114 | −0.142** | −0.02 | 0.018 | 0.087 | 7752 |
| (0.08) | (0.09) | (0.07) | (0.09) | (0.05) | (0.06) | ||
| Anxiety | 0.023 | 0.112 | −0.021 | 0.029 | 0.003 | 0.005 | 7752 |
| (0.10) | (0.10) | (0.07) | (0.07) | (0.06) | (0.06) | ||
| Concentration | −0.190* | 0.061 | 0.091 | 0.121 | −0.114** | −0.039 | 7752 |
| (0.11) | (0.09) | (0.09) | (0.10) | (0.06) | (0.08) | ||
| Fatigue | 0.073 | 0.046 | 0.015 | −0.021 | −0.178*** | 0.06 | 7752 |
| (0.08) | (0.08) | (0.06) | (0.07) | (0.05) | (0.05) | ||
| Angry | 0.019 | −0.111* | −0.133* | 0.092 | −0.058 | 0.002 | 7752 |
| (0.10) | (0.06) | (0.09) | (0.10) | (0.06) | (0.05) | ||
| Insomnia | −0.073 | −0.043 | 0.112* | −0.003 | −0.024 | 0.033 | 7752 |
| (0.10) | (0.08) | (0.07) | (0.08) | (0.06) | (0.05) | ||
| Depression | 0.088 | 0.145* | −0.114* | 0.087 | −0.091 | −0.014 | 7752 |
| (0.12) | (0.09) | (0.08) | (0.08) | (0.06) | (0.08) | ||
| SSRI | −0.157 | −0.045 | 0.029 | 0.074 | 0.01 | −0.028 | 7752 |
| (0.11) | (0.07) | (0.06) | (0.08) | (0.06) | (0.05) | ||
| Antidepressant | 0.123 | −0.159** | 0.085 | −0.057 | −0.079 | −0.018 | 7752 |
| (0.09) | (0.08) | (0.07) | (0.08) | (0.06) | (0.06) | ||
| Sertraline | −0.014 | −0.129* | 0.033 | −0.013 | −0.024 | 0.099* | 7752 |
| (0.09) | (0.08) | (0.08) | (0.06) | (0.06) | (0.06) | ||
| Prozac | −0.082 | −0.017 | −0.08 | −0.032 | −0.038 | 0.024 | 7752 |
| (0.12) | (0.10) | (0.08) | (0.08) | (0.04) | (0.05) | ||
| Zoloft | −0.004 | −0.068 | 0.097 | 0.034 | 0.002 | −0.008 | 7752 |
| (0.08) | (0.07) | (0.07) | (0.06) | (0.05) | (0.06) | ||
| Suicide | −0.083 | −0.132* | −0.132** | −0.103 | 0.042 | 0.008 | 7752 |
| (0.11) | (0.08) | (0.07) | (0.07) | (0.06) | (0.06) | ||
| Liquor | 0.394*** | −0.054 | −0.046 | −0.128** | 0.026 | 0.008 | 7752 |
| (0.11) | (0.10) | (0.10) | (0.06) | (0.05) | (0.04) | ||
| Wine | 0.064 | 0.042 | −0.011 | −0.095 | −0.155** | 0.153*** | 7752 |
| (0.08) | (0.07) | (0.09) | (0.06) | (0.06) | (0.05) | ||
| Beer | −0.182** | −0.115 | −0.037 | −0.095* | 0.077** | 0.123** | 7752 |
| (0.08) | (0.07) | (0.06) | (0.05) | (0.04) | (0.05) | ||
| Cigarette | −0.047 | 0.059 | −0.065 | 0.021 | 0.097* | 0.082 | 7752 |
| (0.08) | (0.09) | (0.07) | (0.07) | (0.05) | (0.06) | ||
| Marijuana | 0.129 | −0.041 | 0.088 | −0.023 | −0.012 | 0.007 | 7752 |
| (0.14) | (0.11) | (0.07) | (0.07) | (0.05) | (0.05) | ||
| Naloxone | 0.055 | −0.033 | 0.024 | −0.015 | 0.026 | −0.001 | 7752 |
| (0.10) | (0.08) | (0.09) | (0.08) | (0.06) | (0.05) |
Notes: Each row reports regression coefficients from a linear regression model, weighted by state population in 2019. In addition to the listed variables, we control for state and day fixed effects for each regression. Standard errors in parentheses are clustered at the state level.
***
p < 0.01.
**
p < 0.05.
*
p < 0.1.