Table 5.

Sensitivity analysis using E-value estimates. Minimum association strength (risk ratio) of a confounder needed to explain away (point estimate) or reduce to statistical non-significance (lower 95% CI, in parentheses) the stat. sig. educational differences in prenatal anxiety and depressive symptoms.

Risk ratio scale	Continuous outcomes			Clinically significant levels
	Anxiety	Depression		Anxiety	Depression
Education (ref. higher)
Primary	2.13			4.33
	(1.41)			(2.15)
Secondary vocational	1.75	1.83		2.90	2.27
	(1.52)	(1.61)		(2.49)	(1.53)
Secondary general	1.44	1.47
	(1.14)	1.20
Continuous scale approximation	Anxiety		Depression
Education (ref. higher)
Primary	0.83	0.60
	(0.38)	(0)
Secondary vocational	0.61	0.67
	(0.46)	(0.53)
Secondary general	0.40	0.43
	(0.15)	(0.20)

Notes: The upper panel presents E-values on the RR scale. The lower panel presents E-values transformed to an approximate continuous scale. E-values calculated from estimates in M4 (Table 3, Table 4).