Table 1.

Describes the NF-KB inducer with variant stimuli activating NF-KB complex by IKK enzyme and transcribing particular genes involved in various pathological conditions.

NF-KB Inducers	Stimuli (Intracellular /Extracellular)	Receptor Activation	Multiple Adaptors	IKK Enzyme Type	NF-KB Complex	Target Gene	Disease	Refs.
Bacteria, Microbes, and viruses.	Pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMPs), NOD2 (Nucleotide Binding Oligomerization Domain Containing 2)	Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), Toll –like receptors. Cytokine receptors (interleukin-1 receptors (IL-1Rs), TNF receptors (TNFRs), NLRs (NOD-like receptors)	TNFR-associated factors (TRAFs), Myeloid differentiation primary response protein 88 (MYD88), TIR domain containing adaptor protein (TIRAP), IL-1 R associated kinases (RIPK3), NIK (NF-KB inducing kinases) or MAP3K14.	IkB α, TBK1, IkB β	p52 RelB, p100 RelB, p50 RelA, p105 RelB	BAFF, BLIMP1, CCL17, CCL19, CCL5, CCL5, IL-1 a, IL-b, IL-2, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, TNF-α, TNF- β, NOD2	Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, Epilepsy, CNS lymphoma.	[27-38]
Physical stress (UV and gamma radiations), Stress metal	Cell stress	Sensory receptor or non-receptor	P38 /MAPK, CkK II (casein kinase). ASK1, SEK1, MEK2, JNK1, β -TrcP	IKBα	p50 RelA	BAX, Bim, Bcl2	Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, Huntington, Ischemia.	[39-42]
Oxidative stress (Glutathione, H2O2)	TNF-alpha, Reactive oxygen species (ROS), NOD2 (Nucleotide Binding Oligomerization Domain Containing 2)	Toll–like receptors. Cytokine receptors (interleukin-1 receptors (IL-1Rs), TNF receptors (TNFRs), NLRs (NOD-like receptors)	ERKs, JNKs, or p38 MAPKs, tyrosine kinase	MEKK1 (mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase), IKBα, IkB β	p50 RelA)	BAX, Bim, Bcl2, Cu/Zn SOD, SOD1, MAP4K1, CCL17, CCL19, CCL5, CCL5, IL-1 a, IL-b, IL-2, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, TNF-α, TNF- β, NOD2.	Alzheimer’s, Parkinson, Huntington’s, Ischemia, Epilepsy.	[43-45]
Apoptotic mediators	TNF-alpha, Reactive oxygen species (ROS), Interleukin (IK)	Toll–like receptors. Cytokine receptors (interleukin-1 receptors (IL-1Rs), TNF receptors (TNFRs),	(Anti-fas/ Apo-1, Ploy(ADP) Ribose polymerase (PARP), TRAIL	IkB α, TBK1, IkB β	p52 RelB, p100 RelB, p50 RelA, p105 RelB	BAX, Bim, Bcl2	Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, Huntington’s, Ischemia, Epilepsy.	[31-34, 46-48]