Table 3.
Factors associated with psychological distress (GHQ-12 positive) in the total sample and with depression (HRSD score) in the sample of people with psychological distress
| Explanatory variable | Psychological distress | Severity of Depression | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N = 245 | N = 82 | |||
| Odds Ratio | 95% CI | Coef. | 95% CI | |
| Educational level (at least high school level) | 1.510 | (0.829 t o2.751) | 0.137 | (−0.195 to 0.469) |
| Social support (good or very good vs other) | 0.409 | (0.225 to 0.744) | −0.082 | (−0.419 to 0.254) |
| Permit to stay in Italy | ||||
| granted vs denied | 0.564 | (0.309 to 1.028) | 0.212 | (−0.137 to 0.560) |
| unclear vs denied | 2.428 | (0.649 to 9.085) | 0.292 | (−0.369 to 0.953) |
| Age (years) | 1.039 | (0.989 to 1.091) | 0.007 | (−0.019 to 0.033) |
| Marital status (married or cohabitant vs single) | 0.781 | (0.375 to 1.630) | −0.268 | (−0.679; 0.144) |
| Time after departure (years) | 0.919 | (0.826 to 1.023) | −0.042 | (−0.107 to 0.024) |
| Country of origin: | ||||
| Pakistan vs Africa | 2.081 | (0.967 to 4.479) | −0.078 | (−0.486 to 0.331) |
| Other vs Africa | 1.586 | (0.621 to 4.049) | −0.861 | (−1.394 to − 0.329) |
| Traumatic events (LEC) (number of events) | 1.213 | (1.072 to 1.372) | 0.176 | (0.111 to 0.244) |
Significant parameter estimates (p-value < 0.05) marked in bold. In the case of variables with more than two categories, the global p-value was considered