Table 6.
Crude and adjusted ORs of severe COPD exacerbation associated with dual or more therapies of oral hypoglycemic agents
| Cases (n = 2700) | Controls (n = 9272) | Crude OR (95% CI) |
Adjusted ORa (95% CI) |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Current use of dual or more therapy, no (%)b | ||||
| Metformin + sulfonylureas | 460 (17.0) | 2,238 (24.1) | 0.71 (0.59–0.86)c | 0.78 (0.64–0.95)c |
| Metformin + α-glucosidase inhibitors | 12 (0.4) | 51 (0.6) | 1.10 (0.57–2.09) | 0.93 (0.47–1.81) |
| Metformin + TZDs | 5 (0.2) | 33 (0.4) | 0.62 (0.24–1.63) | 0.71 (0.27–1.88) |
| Metformin + DPP-4 inhibitors | 22 (0.8) | 76 (0.8) | 1.25 (0.77–2.05) | 1.30 (0.78–2.16) |
| Metformin + meglitinides | 46 (1.7) | 132 (1.4) | 1.52 (1.07–2.16)c | 1.32 (0.91–1.91) |
| Other combinations of dual therapy | 118 (4.4) | 402 (4.3) | 1.36 (1.08–1.71)c | 1.27 (0.997–1.61) |
| All triple therapy | 235 (8.7) | 960 (10.4) | 1.07 (0.91–1.27) | 1.12 (0.94–1.34) |
| Metformin-contained triple therapy | 214 (7.9) | 882 (9.5) | 1.08 (0.90–1.28) | 1.13 (0.94–1.35) |
| Other triple therapy | 21 (0.8) | 78 (0.8) | 1.10 (0.67–1.81) | 1.09 (0.65–1.84) |
| Other types of dual or more therapyd | Reference | Reference |
OR, odds ratio; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CI confidence interval; No., Number; TZD, thiazolidinedione; DPP-4, dipeptidyl peptidase-4
a Adjusted for all covariates with standardized difference > 0.1 in Table 1
b Current use was defined as the end date of the most recent prescription within the 30 days prior to the index date
c p < 0.05
d Each of the dual or more therapy of antidiabetic agents was separately compared with all of the other types of dual or more therapy of antidiabetic agents combined