Table 2.
Frequency of haplotypes of pfdhfr, pfdhps, and combined pfdhfr–pfdhps genes in P. falciparum isolates from Jazan, Saudi Arabia (n = 151)
| Gene/haplotypea | Type of mutations | N (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Pfdhfr | ||
| ACNCSI | Wild | 23 (15.2) |
| ACICNI | Double | 71 (47.0) |
| ACIRNI | Triple | 57 (37.8) |
| Pfdhps | ||
| SAKAAI | Wild | 66 (43.7) |
| SGKAAI | Single | 7 (4.6) |
| SGEAAI | Double | 78 (51.7) |
| Pfdhfr–pfdhps | ||
| ACNCSI–SAKAAI | Wild | 14 (9.3) |
| ACNCSI–SGKAAI | Single | 1 (0.7) |
| ACNCSI–SGEAAI | Double | 8 (5.3) |
| ACICNI–SAKAAI | Double | 35 (23.2) |
| ACICNI–SGKAAI | Triple | 2 (1.3) |
| ACIRNI–SAKAAI | Triple | 17 (11.3) |
| ACIRNI–SGKAAI | Quadruple | 4 (2.6) |
| ACICNI–SGEAAI | Quadruple | 34 (22.5) |
| ACIRNI–SGEAAI | Quintuple | 36 (23.8) |
aMutant alleles are bold and underlined