Table 2.
Blood energy metabolism-related biomarkers in dairy cows with LDA or healthy cows
| Detected biomarkers | Control | LDA | p | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean±SEM | 95% CI | Mean±SEM | 95% CI | ||
| GLU (mmol/L) | 4.31±0.13 | 3.76-4.81 | 4.84±0.42 | 4.44-5.33 | 0.487 |
| NEFA (mmol/L) | 0.36±0.04 | 0.31-0.41 | 0.99±0.06** | 0.92-1.22 | 0.000 |
| BHBA (mmol/L) | 0.45±0.03 | 0.37-0.55 | 1.17±0.24** | 1.03-1.87 | 0.003 |
| INS (mU/L) | 12.68±0.28 | 7.99-13.26 | 9.05±0.21** | 4.31-6.34 | 0.000 |
| GC (ng/L) | 48.26±1.63 | 42.67-51.36 | 55.56±0.90* | 52.55-58.79 | 0.040 |
| RQUICKI | 0.79±0.04 | 0.62-0.85 | 0.60±0.02** | 0.55-0.67 | 0.002 |
| TC (mmol/L) | 2.42±0.24 | 1.91-2.92 | 1.96±0.16 | 1.63-2.27 | 0.120 |
| TG (mmol/L) | 0.16±0.01 | 0.14-0.18 | 0.15±0.01 | 0.12-0.16 | 0.263 |
The serum energy metabolism-related biomarkers of dairy cows with LDA or healthy cows (Control) were shown in the table. Healthy Holstein cows, n = 20; LDA Holstein cows, n = 30. The results are expressed as the mean ± SEM. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, compared with respective values in control group
GLU Glucose, NEFA Non-esterified fatty acid, BHBA β-hydroxybutyric acid, INS Insulin, GC Glycagon, RQUICKI Revised quantitative insulin sensitivity check index, TC Total cholesterol, TG Triglyceride