Table 2.
Echocardiographic characteristics of all patients and in survivors or non-survivors
| All (n = 411) |
Survivor (n = 333) |
Non-survivor (n = 78) |
P value Survivor versus non-survivor |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Left atrium and ventricle | ||||
| EF (%) | 50 ± 13 | 51 ± 12 | 47 ± 13 | 0.007 |
| LVGLS (%) | − 14.0 ± 5.2 | − 14.6 ± 4.9 | − 12.4 ± 5.2 | 0.0007 |
| LVGLS Basal (%) | − 10.1 ± 4.1 | − 10.3 ± 4.1 | − 9.0 ± 4.2 | 0.009 |
| LVGLS Mid (%) | − 13.7 ± 4.9 | − 14.0 ± 4.9 | − 12.1 ± 4.9 | 0.002 |
| LVGLS Apex (%) | − 19.8 ± 8.5 | − 20.5 ± 8.3 | − 17.0 ± 9.0 | 0.001 |
| LVOT diameter (cm) | 2.0 ± 0.2 | 2.0 ± 0.2 | 2.0 ± 0.2 | 0.36 |
| LVOT Vmax (m/s) | 0.9 ± 0.2 | 0.9 ± 0.2 | 0.9 ± 0.2 | 0.12 |
| LVOT VTI (cm) | 21.8 ± 5.7 | 22.2 ± 5.8 | 19.7 ± 5.2 | 0.0004 |
| Stroke Volume Index (mL/m2) | 36.5 ± 10.1 | 37.1 ± 10.3 | 33.8 ± 9.1 | 0.009 |
| Left atrial volume index (mL/m2) | 48 ± 18 | 46 ± 16 | 55 ± 23 | 0.0002 |
| Aortic valve | ||||
| AV Vmax (m/s) | 4.1 ± 0.8 | 4.1 ± 0.7 | 3.9 ± 0.9 | 0.02 |
| AV Peak Gradient (mmHg) | 70 ± 28 | 71 ± 25 | 64 ± 28 | 0.05 |
| AV Mean Gradient (mmHg) | 39 ± 16 | 40 ± 16 | 36 ± 18 | 0.07 |
| AV VTI (cm) | 97.7 ± 23.3 | 99.3 ± 22.9 | 90.7 ± 23.7 | 0.003 |
| AV Area (cm2) | 0.7 ± 0.3 | 0.7 ± 0.2 | 0.7 ± 0.2 | 0.90 |
| AV Area Index (cm2/m2) | 0.4 ± 0.1 | 0.4 ± 0.1 | 0.4 ± 0.1 | 0.78 |
| Right ventricle | ||||
| TR gradient > 30 mmHg | 40.3% | 37.8% | 51.4% | 0.03 |
EF, Ejection Fraction; LVGLS, Left Ventricular Global Longitudinal Strain; LVOT, Left Ventricular Outflow Tract; AV, Aortic Valve; Vmax, Maximal Velocity; VTI, Velocity Time Integral; TR, Tricuspid Regurgitation
Presented as mean ± SD or fraction (%)