Table 2. Blood-feeding insects causing allergic reactions.

Scientific name	English name	Important genera	c, s
Diptera (flies and midges)
Nematocera (midges)
Culicidae	mosquitoes	Aedes, Culex, Anopheles	c, s
Simuliidae	black flies	Simulium	c, s?
Ceratopogonidae	biting midges	Culicoides, Forcipomyia	c
Phlebotomidae	sand flies	Phlebotomus, Lutzomyia	c
Brachycera (flies)
Tabanidae	horse flies, deer flies	Haematopota, Tabanus, Chrysops	c, s
Glossinidae	tsetse flies	Glossina	c, s
Muscidae	house/stable flies	Stomoxys	c
Hippoboscidae	louse flies, keds	Hippobosca, Lipoptena	c, s
Siphonaptera (fleas)
Pulicidae	fleas	Pulex, Ctenocephalides	c
Heteroptera (bugs)
Reduviidae	kissing bugs	Triatoma	c, s
Cimicidae	bed bugs	Cimex lectularius	c

c: cutaneous reactions; s: systemic reactions.