Table 3.
Questionnaire variables | Questionnaire outcome | Available dataa | ||
Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale | ||||
Fear, mean (SD) | 6.00 (3.20) | —b | ||
No anxiety, n (%) | 17 (71) | Cutoff: ≤7 | ||
Possible anxiety, n (%) | 5 (21) | Cutoff: ≥8, but <10 | ||
Probable anxiety, n (%) | 2 (8) | Cutoff: ≥10 | ||
Depression, mean (SD) | 3.33 (2.76) | — | ||
No depression, n (%) | 22 (92) | Cutoff: ≤7 | ||
Possible depression, n (%) | 2 (8) | Cutoff: ≥8, but <10 | ||
Probable depression, n (%) | 0 (0) | Cutoff: ≥10 | ||
State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, mean (SD) | ||||
Trait anxiety | 38.67 (7.99) | Decile 6 | ||
Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, mean (SD) | 21.25 (3.49) | Midpoint cutoff: 15 | ||
Multidimensional Pain Inventory, mean (SD) | ||||
Pain severity | 2.27 (1.09) | 5.01 (0.82) | ||
Pain interference | 3.41 (0.81) | 5.01 (0.80) | ||
Coping Pain Questionnaire, mean (SD) | ||||
Diverting attention | 21.32 (12.89) | Decile 4 | ||
Reinterpret pain sensation | 8.18 (6.41) | Decile 2 | ||
Catastrophizing | 10.45 (8.96) | Decile 2 | ||
Ignore pain sensation | 23.09 (12.44) | Decile 3 | ||
Praying or hoping | 20.00 (15.37) | Decile 5 | ||
Coping self-statements | 38.09 (11.52) | Decile 5 | ||
Increased behavioral activities | 19.95 (10.26) | Decile 3 | ||
Perceived pain control | 10.65 (5.69) | Decile 7 |
aNormative data and cutoff scores from previous literature, see text for references.
bNo data available.