Figure 3. Early ventricle enlargement in EAE correlates with inflammation.

(A–G) Representative images of H&E-stained tissue sections show absence of pathology at baseline (A–D) and day 3 p.i. (E–G). Higher magnifications views show periventricular (B and F), meningeal (C), and cerebellar regions (D and G). (H–J) First signs of pathology were detected on day 5 p.i., as infiltration of macrophage/myeloid cells (F4/80⁺, red) and accompanying gliosis (GFAP, green) in meningeal areas (I) and inflammatory foci in cerebellar white matter (J). (K–M) By day 8 p.i., pronounced meningeal infiltration and gliosis was present (L), along with T cell infiltration in the parenchyma (CD3⁺, green) (M). (N) At day 11 p.i., ventricular enlargement was grossly apparent from the whole brain tissue sections. (O–U) Extensive inflammation was seen throughout the brain, including periventricular regions (O, P, Q), cerebellum (R, S), and meningeal areas (T, U), along with gliosis (Q) and infiltration of F4/80 and CD3 positive cells (Q, S, U). (V and W) Semiquantitative scoring of histopathology (n = 19) correlated positively with ventricle volume changes (V) and gadolinium enhancement as ΔT1 changes in whole brain (W) (Spearman’s r). Scale bars: A (whole brain images): 2 mm; B–D, F, and G: 500 μm; P–R: 200 μm; I and J, L and M, O, and S–U: 100 μm.