Table 1.

Percent distribution of independent and control variables, and prevalence of low birth weight by the independent and control variables, India, NFHS-4 (2015-16).

Characteristics	Sample (N)1	Percent Distribution2	Prevalence of low birth weight2	P value
Total	52,825	100	17.1
Interpregnancy interval
<6	6211	12.1	19.4	<0.001
06–11	10,088	20.2	17.2
12–17	13,178	25.3	17.4
18–23	9456	17.6	16.0
24–29	6387	11.6	16.7
30–35	3753	6.8	16.6
36–41	2219	3.9	15.8
42–47	1089	1.9	16.3
≥48	444	0.7	18.5
Mother's age at marriage
<18 years	16,829	33.9	18.2	<0.001
18–24 years	31,599	59.4	16.5
25–29 years	3714	5.9	17.3
≥30 years	683	0.8	19.2
Mother's age at conception
<20 years	3362	7.7	19.2	<0.001
20–24 years	24,658	49.2	17.1
25–29 years	17,278	31.4	16.6
≥30 years	7527	11.6	17.5
Mother's height
<145 cm	6008	11.6	21.0	<0.001
≥145 cm	46,817	88.4	16.6
Mother's schooling
No schooling	14,643	26.5	19.1	<0.001
Primary	8109	14.9	18.3
Secondary	25,652	49.5	16.5
Higher	4421	9.1	12.9
Mother smokes tobacco
No	47,760	94.6	17.0	0.044
Yes	5065	5.4	19.5
Outcome of previous pregnancy
Birth	45,105	85.4	17.0	0.01
Abortion	1527	3.1	16.9
Miscarriage/termination	5391	10.0	18.2
Stillbirth	802	1.5	19.0
Postpartum contraceptive use after previouspregnancyoutcome
No	44,590	85.1	17.3	0.323
Yes	8235	14.9	16.3
Birth order
1	3591	7.0	18.9	<0.001
2	27,589	54.9	17.0
3	12,106	22.4	16.3
≥4	9539	15.7	18.2
Index birth wanted
No	5525	10.8	17.7	<0.001
Yes	47,300	89.2	17.1
Index birth preterm
No	49,606	93.9	16.4	<0.001
Yes	3219	6.1	29.1
≥4 ANC visits
No	26,695	46.9	17.9	<0.001
Yes	26,130	53.1	16.4
≥2 TT injections
No	9158	16.9	19.7	<0.001
Yes	43,667	83.1	16.6
Consumed ≥100 IFA tablets/equivalent syrup
No	36,977	67.0	18.2	<0.001
Yes	15,848	33.0	15.0
Wealth quintiles
Poorest	12,440	22.1	18.1	<0.001
Poorer	12,705	22.9	17.2
Middle	11,366	21.8	17.6
Richer	9423	19.4	17.2
Richest	6891	13.8	14.7
Religion
Hindu	39,528	79.7	17.4	<0.001
Muslim	7746	15.5	15.9
Christian	3645	2.0	14.7
Others	1906	2.8	17.3
Caste
Scheduled Caste	10,383	21.8	18.2	<0.001
Scheduled Tribe	9793	10.5	18.2
Other Backward Class	21,415	44.4	16.6
Others	11,234	23.3	16.7
Geographical Region
North	10,251	13.5	21.4	<0.001
Central	14,632	23.7	19.2
East	10,881	22.8	14.0
Northeast	6148	3.0	13.0
West	4457	15.0	18.4
South	6456	22.1	15.2
Urban-rural residence
Urban	12,678	28.5	17.1	0.195
Rural	40,147	71.5	17.2

Note: 1. N's are unweighted, 2. Weighted percentages.