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. 2020 Nov 19;11:577561. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.577561

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Copyright © 2020 Park, Shim and Shim.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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The effects of repeated immobilization stress on the forced swimming test in the rats. The data represent the means ± SEM of the duration of climbing and swimming (A) and immobility (B) during the 5-min test session. Also, the effects of repeated immobilization stress on the sucrose intake (C) and social exploration (D). The data represent the duration of active behavior during the 5-min test session. The naïve normal group (NOR), a surgically ovariectomized group (OVX), the only stressed group (ST), and the OVX and stressed group (OVX + ST). Each group contained six rats (n = 6). The results of behaviors were analyzed by performing separate one-way ANOVA among the groups. *p < 0.05, ***p < 0.001 compared to the normal group.