FIGURE 4.

EMBODY Step 2: Decoding the internal focus of attention during breath-focused meditation using individualized brain patterns. Based on each participant’s unique brain signatures for Breath, MW, and Self, classifier decisions were made for each time point of fMRI data (TR = 1s), producing a continuous estimate of attention states during breath meditation. The middle of the meditation period is displayed for four meditators (A–D). Mental events were quantified as 3 or more consecutive decisions from the same mental state (C), and were used to compute metrics of attention during meditation in Step 3.