Table 2.
Demographic and clinical characteristics
| Variable | Overall n (%) |
Year 2019 n (%) |
Year 2020 n (%) |
Z value | 95% P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | |||||
| Up to 15 years old | 25 (9.4) | 12 (8.5) | 13 (10.4) | −0.5291 | 0.5967 |
| 16 to 50 years old | 116 (43.7) | 62 (44.0) | 54 (43.2) | 0.1310 | 0.8958 |
| 51 to 70 years old | 74 (27.9) | 38 (26.9) | 37 (29.6) | −0.4876 | 0.6258 |
| Older than 70 years | 50 (18.8) | 29 (20.6) | 21 (16.8) | 0.7896 | 0.4297 |
| Sex | |||||
| Female | 137 (48.4) | 68 (48.2) | 66 (53.2) | ||
| Male | 146 (51.6) | 73 (51.8) | 58 (46.8) | 0.4175 | 0.6763 |
| BMI | |||||
| Up to 18 | 37 (21.4) | 16 (21.6) | 21 (21.2) | 0.0635 | 0.9494 |
| 19 to 25 | 101 (58.4) | 48 (64.9) | 53 (53.5) | 1.5050 | 0.1323 |
| Above 25 | 35 (20.2) | 10 (13.5) | 25 (25.3) | −1.9107 | 0.0560 |
| Chronic conditiona | |||||
| No | 137 (48.4) | 79 (49.7) | 59 (47.2) | 0.4175 | 0.6763 |
| Yes | 146 (51.6) | 80 (50.3) | 66 (52.8) | ||
| Residence | |||||
| Bujumbura (capital city) | 129 (48.9) | 74 (52.9) | 55 (44.0) | 1.4439 | 0.1488 |
| Other | 135 (51.1) | 66 (47.1) | 70 (56.0) | ||
| Professionb | |||||
| No | 159 (62.6) | 92 (69.2) | 68 (55.7) | 2.2229 | 0.0262 |
| Yes | 95 (37.4) | 41 (30.8) | 54 (44.3) | ||
| COVID-19 symptomsc | |||||
| Yes | 113 (39.9) | 59 (37.1) | 54 (43.6) | ||
| No | 170 (60.1) | 100 (62.9) | 70 (56.4) | 1.1077 | 0.2680 |
a
Living with either one or more of the following health conditions: hypertension, asthma, diabetes, heart disease, kidney failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and tuberculosis which have been found to predict high likelihood of dying from COVID-19.
b
Household wives and farmers were classified as ‘having no profession’.
c
Symptoms suggestive for COVID-19 included fever or chills, dry cough, tiredness, muscle or body aches and pains, sore throat, headache, new loss of taste or smell, congestion or runny nose, nausea or vomiting, difficulty breathing or shortness of breath, chest pain or pressure and loss of speech or movement.