Table 4.

Outcome scores for each group at baseline (week 0), post-intervention (week 4), follow-up (week 8), and follow-up 2 (week 12): mean and standard deviation.

Outcome Measure	Hip Group	Quadriceps Group	Control	F	p	Post Hoc
	Mean (SD)	Mean (SD)	Mean (SD)
Flexion ROM
Baseline	114.42 ± 10.52	115.15 ± 9.33	117 ± 5.79	0.378	0.687
4 week f/w	118.32 ± 9.39	120.4 ± 7.25	118.44 ± 5.66	5.8	0.005 *	B > C
8 week f/w	119.53 ± 9.19	121.45 ± 6.73	118.56 ± 5.64	9.274	0.001 *	A, B > C
12 week f/w	119.84 ± 8.82	122.7 ± 6.4	118.88 ± 5.62	11.006	0.001 *	A, B > C
Time × Group				3.382	0.004 *
Extension ROM
Baseline	10.37 ± 5.6	8.1 ± 3.58	9.13 ± 3.09	1.371	0.263
4 week f/w	8.58 ± 4.76	6.8 ± 2.72	8.19 ± 2.56	1.509	0.231
8 week f/w	7.79 ± 4.41	6.2 ± 2.3	8 ± 2.65	4.776	0.013 *	A, B > C
12 week f/w	7.84 ± 4.11	6.1 ± 2.33	7.63 ± 2.6	2.604	0.084
Time × Group				2.291	0.041 *
WOMAC-P
Baseline	12.32 ± 2.42	12.75 ± 2.78	12.19 ± 2.56	0.239	0.788
4 week f/w	8.21 ± 4.14	10.1 ± 2.97	11.25 ± 1.91	6.547	0.003 *	A > C
8 week f/w	8.37 ± 2.56	9.6 ± 2.41	11 ± 2.12	11.474	0.001 *	A, B > C
12 week f/w	8.05 ± 3.2	9.8 ± 2.39	10.69 ± 2.15	7.677	0.001 *	A > C
Time × Group				3.493	0.004 *
WOMAC-F
Baseline	41.89 ± 5.36	45.1 ± 7.13	45.31 ± 4.78	1.931	0.155
4 week f/w	33.74 ± 8.93	38.2 ± 6.38	43.56 ± 3.75	8.464	0.001 *	A, B > C
8 week f/w	33.32 ± 8.49	37.35 ± 5.94	41.5 ± 4.32	5.767	0.006 *	A > C
12 week f/w	32.05 ± 8.76	36.75 ± 5.32	40.31 ± 4.84	5.499	0.007 *	A > C
Time × Group				1.456	0.201

SD, standard deviation; ROM, range of motion; WOMAC, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index. * p < 0.05.