Table 1.

Cell source of mesenchymal cells (MSCs) used for bone tissue regeneration [27].

Cell Source	Advantage	Disadvantage
Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs)	(i) High osteogenic potential	(i) Low abundance
	(ii) Studied extensively	(ii) Highly invasive
Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs)	(i) High abundant	More studies are needed to test their use in bone repair
	(ii) Easy to harvest surgically
Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs)	Lowly invasive	(i) More studies are needed to test their use in bone repair
		(ii) Limited time to harvest
Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs)	Easy to harvest	More studies are needed to test their use in bone repair