| AI | Artificial Intelligence |
| ANN | Artificial Neural Network |
| APSO | Adaptive Particle Swarm Optimization |
| AUC | Area Under the Curve |
| BraTS-xxxx | Brain Tumour Segmentation Challenge-year |
| CapsNets | Capsule Networks |
| CLAHE | Contrast Adaptive Histogram Equalization |
| CRF | Conditional Random Forest |
| CT | Computed Tomography |
| DCNN | Deep Convolutional Neural Network |
| DenseNet | Densely Connected Convolutional Networks |
| DMD | Dense Micro-block Difference |
| DNN | Deep (Artificial) Neural Network |
| DWT | Discrete Wavelet Transform |
| ELM | Extreme Learning Machines |
| FA | False Alarm |
| FC | Fully Connected |
| FLAIR | T2-Weighted Fluid-Attenuated Inversion Recovery |
| GAN | Generative Adversarial Networks |
| GBM | Glioblastoma |
| GCNN | Growing Convolution Neural Network |
| GD | Gradient Descent |
| GLCM | Grey Level Co-occurrence Matrix |
| H&E | Haematoxylin and Eosin |
| HCNN | Heterogenous Convolution Neural Network |
| HGG | High-Grade Glioma |
| IDH | Isocitrate Dehydrogenase |
| LBP | Local Binary Pattern |
| LGG | Low-Grade Glioma |
| LoG | Laplacian of Gaussian |
| LRF | Local Receptive Fields |
| LSTM | Long Short-Term Memory |
| MA | Missed Alarm |
| MC-Net | Model Cascade Net |
| ML | Machine Learning |
| MR | Magnetic Resonance |
| M-SVM | Multiclass-Support Vector Machine |
| N/A | Not Available |
| OM-Net | One-Pass Multi-Task Net |
| PCA | Principal Component Analysis |
| Pr | Predictive Model |
| ResNet | Residual Network |
| RNN | Recurrent Neural Network |
| RoI | Region of Interest |
| RRNN | Recurrent Regression-based Neural Networks |
| SVC | Support Vector Classifier |
| SWT | Stationary Wavelet Transform |
| T1 (T1-Weighted) | Longitudinal Relaxation Time |
| T1c | T1-Weighted Post-Contrast |
| T1-Gado | Gadolinium contrast medium in MR images |
| T2 (T2-Weighted) | Transverse Relaxation Time |
| TBI | Traumatic Brain Injury |
| TCGA | The Cancer Genome Atlas |
| TCIA | The Cancer Imaging Archive |
| WBA | The Whole-Brain Atlas |
| WSI | Whole Slide Image |
| xD | x Dimensional |