Table 1.
Descriptive statistics of participants’ general characteristics and differences (N = 240).
| Characteristics | Mean | Range | n (%) | PCS-12 | MCS-12 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | t or F (p) Scheffé | Mean | t or F (p) Scheffé | ||||
| Age (year) | 75.6 (6.3) | 65–95 | |||||
| ≥65, <75 | 108 (45.0) | 64.4 (14.9) | 78.4 (15.9) | ||||
| ≥75, <95 | 132 (55.0) | 59.1 (15.9) | 2.652 (0.008) | 74.9 (15.2) | 1.731 (0.085) | ||
| Sex | |||||||
| Male | 139 (57.9) | 60.3 (15.9) | 76.7 (75.1) | ||||
| Female | 101 (42.1) | 63.1 (15.2) | −1.34 (0.182) | 76.2 (16.4) | 0.23 (0.822) | ||
| Education | |||||||
| No education or elementary school | 104 (43.3) | 59.3 (15.1) | 75.2 (15.7) | ||||
| Middle school | 51 (21.3) | 62.4 (17.5) | 76.9 (16.8) | ||||
| ≥High school | 85 (35.4) | 63.6 (15.0) | 1.84 (0.161) | 77.8 (14.9) | 0.64 (0.530) | ||
| Marital status | |||||||
| Single | 17 (7.1) | 55.3 (20.9) | 70.2 (22.4) | ||||
| Married | 156 (65.0) | 63.5 (14.5) | 77.3 (15.1) | ||||
| Divorced/Widowed | 67 (27.9) | 58.5 (16.1) | 3.92 (0.021) | 76.2 (14.7) | 1.60 (0.203) | ||
| Religion | |||||||
| Yes | 167 (69.6) | 60.8 (15.9) | 75.7 (15.9) | ||||
| No | 73 (30.5) | 63.0 (15.1) | −1.00 (0.319) | 78.3 (15.0) | −1.18 (0.241) | ||
| Economic status | |||||||
| ≥Middle | 141 (58.8) | 63.7 (14.7) | 78.8 (15.2) | ||||
| Low | 99 (41.3) | 58.6 (16.6) | 2.60 (0.010) | 73.2 (15.7) | 2.76 (0.006) | ||
| Number of comorbidities | |||||||
| 0 | 75 (31.3) | 68.6 (14.6) | 81.6 (14.7) | ||||
| 1 | 112 (46.7) | 59.6 (14.9) | 74.5 (15.1) | ||||
| ≥2 | 53 (22.1) | 55.4 (15.2) | 13.82 (<0.001) a > b, c | 73.4 (16.5) | 6.22 (0.002) a > b, c | ||
SD, standard deviation; SF-12, Short-Form Health Survey; PCS, Physical Component Summary; MCS, Mental Component Summary; a, No comorbidity; b, 1 comorbidity; c, ≥2 comorbidities.