Figure 1.

Existing options for leapfrogging across the path from patient (1) to surveillance data (6) that traditionally includes manual health-worker collection of specimen and patient data (2), isolate recovery (3), identification (4) and antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) (5), with incubation during steps 2 to 5, followed by data entry and processing (6). NAAT, nucleic acid amplification technology.