Table 3.

Essential oils that were shown to be active against yeast, oomycetes, and algae strains of animal origin in in vitro and in vivo studies.

Pathogen	Study (*)	Animal Source	Active Essential Oils	References
Candida albicans	In vitro/in vivo	Stock culture strain	Santolina chamaecyparissus	[179]
	In vitro/in vivo	Stock culture strain	Mentha suaveolens	[180]
	In vitro/in vivo	Stock culture strain	Geranium sp	[111,181]
	In vitro/in vivo	Stock culture strain	Citrus sp	[182,183]
	In vitro/in vivo	Stock culture strain	cinnamaldehyd	[184]
	In vitro/in vivo	Stock culture strain	Anethum graveolens	[185]
	In vitro	Birds	Clinopodium nepeta	[96]
	In vitro	Birds	Thymus numidicus	[97]
	In vitro	Bovine	Origanum floribundum	[188]
			Thymus ciliatus	[188]
	In vitro	Poultry	Origanum vulgare	[190]
Candida rugosa	In vitro	Animals **	cinnamaldehyd	[189]
Candida tropicalis	In vitro	Dog	Origanum vulgare	[36]
	In vitro	Poultry	Origanum vulgare	[190]
	In vitro	Dog	Salvia sclarea	[20]
	In vitro	Dog	Origanum vulgare	[36]
			Rosmarinus officinalis	[36]
Candida parapsilosis	In vitro	Poultry	Origanum vulgare	[190]
Candida guilliermondii	In vitro	Poultry	Litsea cubeba	[190]
			Origanum vulgare	[190]
Candida krusei	In vitro	Poultry	Thymus vulgaris	[190]
Saprolegnia spp	In vitro	Fish	Thymus vulgaris	[195,196,197,198]
			Origanum vulgare	[195,196,197,198]
	In vitro	Fish	Carum copticum	[199]
	In vitro	Fish	Origanum majorana	[198]
	In vitro	Fish	Cymbopogon flexuosus	[195,198]
	In vitro	Fish	Citrus bergamia	[115]
	In vitro	Fish	Zataria multiflora	[50,143,144]
	In vivo °	Fish	Eucalyptus camaldulensis	[200]
	In vitro	Fish	Laureliopsis philipianna	[201]
	In vitro	Fish	Mixture: Thymus vulgaris, Salvia	[202]
			officinalis, Mentha piperita Eucalyptus globulus
	In vitro	Fish	Atractyloides lancea	[203]
Pythium insidiosum	In vitro	Horse and dog	Melaleuca alternifolia	[205]
	In vitro	Horse	Origanum vulgare	[205,208]
			Origanum majorana	[205,208]
			Mentha piperita	[205,208]
	In vivo	Not specified	Origanum vulgare + Mentha piperita	[210]
Prototheca zopfii	In vitro	Bovine	Thymus vulgaris	[212]
			Litsea cubeba	[212]
			Origanum vulgare	[212]
	In vitro	Bovine	Thymus vulgaris	[214]
			Origanum vulgare	[214]
	In vitro	Bovine	Cinnamomum zeylanicum	[215]
			Syzygium aromaticum	[215]
	In vivo	Bovine	Mentha piperita	[216]
			Satureja hortensis	[216]
Prototheca blaschkeae	In vitro	Bovine	Thymus vulgaris	[212]
			Litsea cubeba	[212]
			Origanum vulgare	[212]
			Citrus bergamia	[212]
Prototheca wickerhamii	In vitro	Bovine	Citrus bergamia	[213]

(*) Legend—all the in vivo studies were carried out on murine models, except for Pythium (rabbits) (**) Cows, dogs, horse coati, hawk (°) Rainbow trout eggs.