Fig. 2. DNA-PK deficiency potentiates stronger innate immune responses.
a, b THP-1 or HFF cells were treated with Nu7441 and infected with HSV-1 (MOI = 5). Infected cells were harvested at 6 hpi, and the expression of the indicated cytokine genes was analyzed by real-time PCR. a p = 0.0076 (IFNB1); p = 0.0008 (CXCL10); b p = 3 × 10−5 (IFNB1); p = 7 × 10−6 (CXCL10). c, d THP-1 cells were mock treated or treated with Nu7441 (3 μM) and infected with HSV-1 or VSV (MOI = 5). Cells were harvested at the indicated time points and whole-cell lysates (WCLs) were analyzed by immunoblotting with the indicated antibodies. e, f THP-1 were treated with Nu7026 (10 μM) and infected with HSV-1 or VSV (MOI = 5). Infected cells were harvested at 6 hpi, and the expression of the indicated cytokine genes was analyzed by real-time PCR. e p = 0.0003 (IFNB1); p = 0.0001 (CXCL10); f p = 0.013 (IFNB1); p = 0.0049 (CXCL10). g, h THP-1 cells stably expressing control or DNA-PKcs shRNA were infected with HSV-1 or VSV (MOI = 5). Infected cells were harvested at 6 hpi, and the expression of the indicated cytokine genes was analyzed by real-time PCR. g IFNB1: p = 0.033 (D-1), p = 0.0084 (D-2); CXCL10: p = 0.0023 (D-1), p = 0.0039 (D-2). h IFNB1: p = 0.017 (D-1), p = 0.013 (D-2); CXCL10: p = 0.0044 (D-1), p = 0.031 (D-2). All experiments were done at least twice, and one representative is shown. n = 3 biologically independent samples for a, b, e–h. Data are presented as mean values ± SD. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.005, two-tailed Student’s t test. Source data are provided as a Source data file.