Table 2.
Summary of studies investigating the use of TH in the scope of OT practice.
| Author (Year) | Study Design | Type of Cancer Size (Intervention/Control) | Intervention Group | Control Group | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Content (Care Model) TH Type | Intervention Activities | Delivery | Regime | ||||
| McCarthy et al. (2018) [20] | Quasi-experimental one group prepost | Breast Cancer 18 | CBTI (Tele-education) Synchronous |
• Online CBTI program • Reviewing sleep diaries and adjusting sleep schedules reinforced by education |
Web | • 6 sessions for 6 weeks • 30–60 min for each session |
No |
| Skolarus et al. (2019) [21] | RCT | Prostate cancer 278/278 | Symptom self-management (Tele-education) Synchronous |
• Self-management guidance through a series of tailored newsletters • Chosen symptom and self-management strategy suggestions |
Tel | • 4 months • 1 time/month • 30 min call |
Usual care • Nontailored newsletter about symptom management |
| Kim et al. (2011) [22] | RCT | Breast Cancer 23/22 | Lifestyle change (Tele-counseling) Synchronous |
• Counseling stage-matched exercise and diet intervention + workbook | Tel | • 3 months • a weekly basis • 30 min for telephone session |
• Usual care |
| Galiano-Castillo et al. (2016) [23] | RCT | Breast Cancer 40/41 | Exercise program (Tele-education) Synchronous and asynchronous |
• Internet-based tailored exercise program and monitoring/comments the exercise feedback through videoconference | Web | • 8 weeks Exercise • 3 sessions/weeks (nonconsecutive) Videoconference • 3 times/week • 90 min/d |
Usual care • Basic exercise recommendations (written format) |
| Meneses et al. (2018) [24] | RCT | Breast Cancer 21/19 | Symptom self-management (Tele-education) Synchronous |
Support and early education (Education sessions in the 1st month) • Education Common concerns among BCS and emphasized self-management techniques • Education binder and tip sheets • Support call Reinforcing self-management of health and understanding of side effects |
Tel | • 3 months Education session • 45 min Support session • 60 min |
Support and delayed education (education sessions in the 6th month) |
| Frensham et al. (2018) [25] | RCT | Mixed cancer types 51/51 | Walking intervention (Tele-monitoring) Synchronous |
• Provided lifestyle information and access to online resource • Performance self-monitoring using a pedometer • Setting individualized weekly step goals using RPE and achieving the goal + online forum to share experiences and offer peer support |
Web | • 3 months •Daily monitoring |
Wait list • Only provided with lifestyle information and a pedometer |
| Willems et al. (2017) [26] | RCT | Mixed cancer types 231/231 | CBT + PST (Tele-education) Asynchronous |
• Personalized advice and tailored information in psychosocial support and promoting positive lifestyle changes • Information of the common residual problems and self-management training |
Web | • 6 months • 8 modules |
Wait list • Care as usual |
| Freeman et al. (2015) [27] | 3-armed RCT | Breast Cancer LD 48/TD 23/Control 47 | MBT (Tele-education) Synchronous |
LD • Group sessions at a community center with therapist present TD group • Therapist streamed via web during group sessions • Didactic education and interaction with group members • Participant’s presentation for long-term plan and feedback • Provided an imagery compact disc related to a weekly topic • Phone calls to encourage at-home practice |
Web | • 3 months • Five 4 weekly group sessions- 25 min of didactic education during 4 sessions- 25 min of interaction with group members • Brief (<10 min) weekly phone calls |
Wait list • Care as usual |
| Zachariae et al. (2018) [28] | RCT | Breast Cancer 133/122 | CBTI (Tele-education) Asynchronous |
• Automatically computed tailored recommendations • Online CBTI program and completing sleep diaries |
Web | • 6 cores for 9 weeks • 1-week break for each core • 45–60 min for each core |
Wait list • Care as usual |
| Kanera et al. (2017) [29] | RCT | Mixed cancer types 231/231 | CBT (Tele- education) Asynchronous |
• Personalized cancer aftercare intervention: generic information modules on the most common residual problems + feedback on their reported scores |
Web | • 6 months • 8 modules |
Wait list • Care as usual |
| Galiano-Castillo et al. (2017) [30] | RCT | Breast Cancer 39/37 | Exercise program (Tele-education) Synchronous and asynchronous |
• Tailored exercise program + individual supervision through a control platform • Instant messages, video conference sessions, telephone calls |
Web | • 8 weeks • 3 sessions per week • 90 min per day • 24 exercise program sessions |
Wait list • Care as usual (recommendations about PA using a written format) |
| Syrjala et al. (2018) [31] | RCT | Hematopoietic cell transplantation INSPIRE + PST 115/INSPIRE 114/Control 115 | CBT + PST (Tele-education) Synchronous and asynchronous | INSPIRE + PST • INSPIRE - Psychological support, self-care tips and tools forum for survivor experiences, national and local resources • PST TH call - Problems and goal setting toward solutions INSPIRE • Only INSPIRE online intervention |
Web | • 6 months • 7 INSPIRE sessions • 30 min, 3–7 PST process |
Wait list • Care as usual |
| Lozano-Lozano et al. (2019) [33] | Quasi-experimental one group prepost | Breast Cancer 80 | Lifestyle change (Tele-monitoring) Asynchronous |
• Monitoring on PA (duration and intensity) and healthy eating (food and drink intake) + feedback • Self-recording with their own performance via the app |
App | • 2 months • Daily recording |
No |
| McCarroll et al. (2014) [34] | Quasi-experimental one group prepost | Breast Cancer/Endometrial Cancer 50 | Lifestyle change (Tele-counseling) Asynchronous |
• Exercise and nutrition counseling + real-time feedback component by the multidisciplinary team • Self-recording daily exercise and nutrition via the app |
App | • 1 month • Daily recording |
No |
| Lee et al. (2014) [32] | RCT | Breast Cancer 29/28 | Lifestyle change (Tele-education) Asynchronous |
• Assessment, education (tailored exercise and diet behavior) • Recommendation of action planning in dietary and exercise (goal setting, scheduling, keeping a diary), and automatic feedback (SMS module) |
Web | • 3 months • Recording at least twice weekly • 5 education modules |
• Usual care Educational booklet on exercise and diet |
BCS: Breast Cancer Survivors, CBT: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, CBTI: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia, INSPIRE: Internet-Based Survivorship Program with Information and Resources, LD: Live Delivery, MBT: Mind-Body Training, OT: Occupational Therapy, PA: Physical Activity, PST: Problem-Solving Therapy, RCT: Randomized Controlled Trial, RPE: Ratings of Perceived Exertion, h: Hour, STRIDE: Steps Toward Improving Diet and Exercise, TD: Telemedicine Delivery, TH: Telehealth, Tel: Telephone, Web: Website.